Laboratory Examination

Hematology Hematology- the diagnostic tests of the blood and its constituent parts.
Date: 1/9/13
PARAMETERS Hemoglobin Hematocrit RBC Count WBC Count Neutrophils ACTUAL FINDINGS 150 0.46 4.87 11.4 87 NORMAL FINDINGS M: 140-180 g/L F: 120-160 g/L M: 0.40-0.54 F: 0.37-0.47 M: 4.6-6.5 x10 ^12L F: 3.9-5.6 x 10 ^12L 5-10 x 10 g/L 50-70% INTERPRETATION Normal Normal Normal increased increased Indicates infection. Indicates infection, gonorrhea, osteomyelitis, otitis media, Metabolic Disorders; diabetic acidosis, eclampsia, uremia, thyrotoxicosis, Stress Response; due to acute hemorrhage, surgery, emotional distress &others ANALYSIS

Lymphocytes

12

25-40%

decreased

Severe debilitating illness; congestive heart failure, renal failure, advanced tuberculosis Others; Defective lymphatic circulation, high levels of adrenal Corticosteriods, others

Eosinophils Bleeding Time Clotting Time

1 2 30 6 9

1-4% 1-3 minutes 3-5 minutes

Normal Normal

Chemistry Blood chemistry - defined simply as identifying the numerous chemical substances found in the blood. Date: 1/9/13
ACTUAL FINDINGS 6.90 10.1 NORMAL FINDINGS 4.2-6.4 mmo/L 4.4-7.7 mmo/L INTERPRETA TION increased increased ANALYSIS

PARAMETER S FBS HGT

May indicate diabetes. May indicate high sugar level in the blood that may result to diabetes.

CREATININE (Male)

116.3

47-159umol/L

Normal

Date: 1/10/13

PARAMETER S Sodium Potassium

ACTUAL FINDINGS 142.1 3.49

NORMAL FINDINGS 135148mmol/L 3.6-5.4 mmol/L

INTERPRETA TION Normal decreased

ANALYSIS

Hypokalemia can be caused by decreased intake, protracted vomiting, renal loss, cirrhosis and others.

Chemistry Blood chemistry - defined simply as identifying the numerous chemical substances found in the blood. Date: 1/13/13

PARAMETE RS Creatinine (Male) Blood Urea Nitrogen

ACTUAL FINDINGS 86.4 3.32

NORMAL FINDINGS 47-159 umol/L 2.888.21mmol/L

INTERPRET ATION Normal Normal

ANALYSIS

Date:1/14/13
PARAMETERS Sodium Potassium Chloride ACTUAL FINDINGS 146.5 3.60 117.5 NORMAL FINDINGS 135-148mmol/L 3.6-5.4 mmol/L 96-100 mmol/L INTERPRETATI ON Normal Normal increased An increased level of blood chloride (called hyperchloremia) usually indicates dehydr ation, but can also occur with other problems that cause high blood sodium, such as Cushing syndrome or kid ney disease. ANALYSIS

URINALYSIS Urinalysis- is the physical, chemical & microscopic examinations of urine. It involves a number of tests to detect & measure various compounds that pass through the urine. DATE: 1/9/13
PARAMETERS Color Transparency ACTUAL FINDINGS Dark Yellow Turbid NORMAL FINDINGS Pale yellow Clear to slightly turbid INTERPRETATION abnormal abnormal ANALYSIS dark yellow to orange indicates some liver disorder. Excess turbidity results from the presence of suspended particles in the urine. Common causes of abnormal turbidity include increased cells (RBC, WBC), numerous crystals, bacteria, lipiduria (lipids often rise to the surface), mucus (especially in horses), semen, fecal contamination. High specific gravity indicates diabetes mellitus or acute kidney infection. Presence of albumin in the urine may indicate onset of kidney dysfunction.

Specific Gravity

1.030

1.015-1.025

increased

Albumin

Positive

negative

abnormal

Sugar pH

Negative 5.0

negative 7.35-7.45

normal decreased acidic

Pus cells

6-8/ hpf

2-3 hpf

increased

Increase level of pus cells indicates urinary tract infection or non infectious condition such as fever, stress, dehydration irritation to urethra, bladder or urethra.

RBC Epithelial Cells

1-3/ hpf Few

2-4 hpf few

normal normal

Bacteria Amorphou s Materials Crystals

Few Moderate

Absent few

abnormal abnormal

Presence of bacteria indicates infection. Too much crystals in the urine is an indication of having kidney stones. calcium oxalate and/or hippurate crystals may suggest ethylene glycol (antifreeze) ingestion. Neurological abnormalities, appearance of drunkenness, hypertension, and a high anion gap acidosis are usually accompanied with the antifreeze toxicity. The crystals are best seen with a polarized (yellow lens). Large numbers of calcium oxalate crystals occur, as well, with acute renal failure following methoxyflurane (Metophane) anesthesia. Urine is usually supersaturated in calcium oxalate, often in calcium phosphate, and acid urine is often saturated in uric acid.

CALCIUM OXALATES: Few

few

normal

ARTERIAL BLOOD GAS Arterial blood gases (ABGs)- are diagnostic tests performed on blood taken from an artery which contains oxygen and carbon dioxide. Date/Time: 1/13/13 ( 1:19pm)

PARAMETERS pH PCO2 PO2 HCO3

RESULT 7.434 31.1 mmHg 69.3 mmHg 20.8 mmol/L

NORMAL VALUES 7.35-7.45 35-45 mmHg 80-100 mmHg 22-26 mmol/L

INTERPRETATIO N Normal Alkalosis Moderate Hypoxemia Acidosis

RESULT: PARTIALLY COMPENSATED RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS WITH MODERATE HYPOXEMIA O2 SAT 94.4% 95-100% May indicate low blood oxygen. Base Excess -1.7 mmol/L 2 reduced