A Presentation On

OVERVIEW OF SMART GRID

SMART GRID
Definition: A Smart Grid is an electrical grid that uses information and Communication Technology to gather and act on information, such as information about the behavior of suppliers and consumers in an automated fashion to improve the efficiency, reliability, economics and sustainability of the production and distribution of electricity[1].

SMART GRID COMPONENTS [2]

Intelligent Appliances Smart Power Meters Smart Substations Smart Distribution Smart Generation Universal Access

Intelligent Appliance: It is capable of deciding when to consume power based on pre-set customer preferences. It reduces peak loads which has a major impact on electricity generation costs alleviating the need for new power plants and cutting down on damaging green house emissions. Smart Power Meter: It features two way communication between consumers and power providers to automate billing, data collection, detect outages and dispatch repair crews to the exact location earlier.

Smart Substation: It includes monitoring and control of critical and non-critical operational data such as power factor performance, breaker, transformer and battery status, security, etc. Smart Distribution: It is self-healing, self-balancing and selfoptimizing including superconducting cables for long distance transmission, and automated monitoring and analysis tools capable of detecting or even predicting cable failures based on real-time data about weather, outage history, etc.

Smart Generation: It is capable of "learning" the unique behavior of power generation resources to optimize energy production, and to automatically maintain voltage, frequency and power factor standards based on feedback from multiple points in the grid.

Universal Access: To affordable, low-carbon electrical power generation (e.g., wind turbines, concentrating solar power systems, photovoltaic panels) and storage (e.g., in batteries, flywheels or super-capacitors or in plug-in hybrid electric vehicles).

SMART GRID TECHNOLOGIES [2]

Integrated Communication Sensing and Measurement Advanced Components Advanced Control Methods Improved Interfaces and Decision Support

SMART GRID TECHNOLOGIES

ADVANCED CONTROL METHODS

SENSING & MEASUREMENT

INTEGRATED COMMUNICATI ON

DECISION SUPPORT

ADVANCED COMPONENTS

Integrated Communications: It includes data acquisition, protection, and control. It enables users to interact with intelligent electronic devices in an integrated system.

Sensing and Measurement: This technology supports acquiring data to evaluate the health and integrity of the grid. It supports automatic meter reading, elimination of billing estimates, and prevent energy theft.

Advanced Components They are used to determine the electrical behavior of the grid and can be applied in either standalone applications or connected together to create complex systems such as micro-grids. The success, availability, and affordability of these components will be based on fundamental research and development (R&D) gains in power electronics, superconductivity, materials, chemistry, and microelectronics.

Advanced Control Methods These are the devices and algorithms that will analyze, diagnose, and predict grid conditions. It autonomously take appropriate corrective actions to eliminate, mitigate, and prevent outages and power quality disturbances. Improved Interfaces and Decision Support: It converts complex power-system data into information that can be easily understood by grid operators.

BENEFITS OF SMART GRID

Reliability: By reducing the cost of interruptions and power quality disturbances and reducing the probability and consequences of widespread blackouts Economics: By keeping downward prices on electricity prices, reducing the amount paid by consumers as compared to present grid, creating new jobs, and stimulating the countries gross domestic product (GDP). Efficiency: By reducing the cost to produce, deliver, and consume electricity Environmental: By reducing emissions when compared to present grid by enabling a larger penetration of renewables and improving efficiency of generation, delivery and consumption.

BENEFITS CONT
Security: by reducing the probability and consequences of manmade attacks and natural disasters Safety: by reducing injuries and loss of life from grid-related events Flexibility: Next Generation transmission and distribution infrastructure will be better able to handle possible bi-direction energy flows allowing for distributed generation

COMPARISON OF CURRENT GRID VS SMART GRID [3]

Current Grid
Communications
None or One Way; typically not real time

Smart Grid
Two Way; Real Time

Customer Interaction Metering

Limited

Extensive

Electro-mechanical

Digital(enabling real time pricing and net metering)

Operation

Manual Equipment checking and maintenance

Remote monitoring, predictive, time based maintenance

Current Grid

Smart Grid

Generation

Centralized

Centralized and Distributed

Comprehensive, automated Automated, Pro-active Protection, prevents outages before they start

Power Flow Control

Limited Prone to failures & cascading outages essentially reactive

Reliability

Restoring Following Disturbance

System Topology

Manual

Self Healing

Radial; generally one way power flow

Network; multiple power flow pathways

WORLDS FIRST SMART GRID SOLUTION IMPLEMENTED [4]

Faroe Islands Denmark Danish Energy Company DONG ENERGY and Faroese Partner SEV demonstrate the Worlds First Smart Grid system on the windy Faroe Island. The Faroe Islands are the first place in the world where a virtual power plant is used to recreate balance in an island power system by automatically decoupling large industrial units from the main power system is less than a second, thereby avoiding systemic block-outs. Technically speaking, the virtual power plants delivers so-called fast frequency demand response.

INDIAS FIRST SMART GRID PROJECT TO BE IMPLEMENTED ON PILOT BASIS [5] Puducherry A Smart Grid project recommended by the Power Ministrys India Smart Grid Task Force will come up on a pilot basis in the union territory, reportedly the first in the country.

14 SMART GRID PILOT PROJECTS IN INDIA [6]

Sl. No Utility Name Area Proposed Functionality Proposed Initial Customer Base

1
2 3 4 5 6 7

CESC, Mysore, Karnataka

APCPDCL, Andhra Pradesh APDCL, Assam UGVCL, Gujarat MSEDCL, Maharashtra UHBVN, Haryana TSECL, Tripura

Mysore Additional City Area Division

Jeedimetla Industrial Area Guwathi Project Area Naroda / Deesa Baramati, Pune Panipat City, Sub division Electrical Division No. 1 Agartala

AMI R, AMI I, OM, PLM, MG/DG

AMI R, AMI I, PLM, OM, PQM PLM, AMI R, AMI I, OM, PQM, DG AMI R, AMI I, PLM, OM, PQM AMI R, AMI I, OM AMI R, AMI I, PLM AMI R, AMI I, PLM

21,284
11,904 15,000 39,422 25,629 30,544 46,071

14 SMART GRID PILOT PROJECTS IN INDIA

Sl. No Utility Name HPSEB, Himachal Pradesh Puducherry JVVNL, Rajasthan CSPDCL, Chattisgarh PSPCL, Punjab Area Proposed ESD Kala Amb under Electrical Division, Nahan Div of Puducherry Vkia Jaipur Siltara, Chattisgarh Mall Mandi City Sub Division Amristar Functionality Proposed AMI I, PLM, OM, PQM AMI R, AMI I AMI R, AMI I, PLM AMI I, PLM OM Initial Customer Base 650

8 9 10 11 12

87,031 2,646 508 9000

13
14

KSEB, Kerala
WBSEDCL, West Bengal Silguri Town, Darjeeling District

AMI I
AMI R, AMI I, PLM

25,078
4,404

REFERENCES
[1] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smart_grid. [2] http://www.ieee.org/go/emergingtech. [3]Smart Grid Basics, Joe Miller, Modern Grid Strategy Team Lead Grid Econ The Economics of a Smarter Electric Grid March 16, 2009, Conducted by National Energy Technology Laboratory [3] Toward A Smart Grid ABBS Vision Of The Power System For The Future. [4]http://kroatien.um.dk/en/aboutus/news/newsdisplaypage/?ne wsid=138fe3c7-510e-45c7-bc20- 9f190cff28f5. [5]http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2012-03-02/new s/31116912_1_smart-grid-pgcil-pilot-basis. [6] http://www.isgtf.in/Forms/PilotDetails.aspx.

QUERIES