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UNIT - I
AS PER RTMNU NAGPUR
POINTS TO BE COVERED
1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 DEFINATION NECESSITY SCOPE OF IRRIGATION SCIENCE BENEFITS OF IRRIGATION ILL-EFFECTS OF IRRIGATION TYPES OF IRRIGATION
1.1 DEFINATION
Irrigation may be defined as the process of artificially supplying water to soil for raising crops.
1.2 NECESSITY
LESS RAINFALL NON UNIFORM RAIN FALL COMMERTIAL CROPS WITH ADDITINOL WATER CONTROLLED WATER SUPPLY
1.2 NECESSITY
LESS RAINFALL When the total rainfall is less than the needed for the crop, artificial supply is necessary. Water is convey from more water available area to low intensity. Indira Gandhi canal in Rajasthan.
1.2 NECESSITY
NON UNIFORM RAIN FALL The rainfall in a particular area may not be uniform over the crop period . During the early periods of the crops, rain may be there, but no water is available at the end, at the end of season.
1.2 NECESSITY
COMMERTIAL CROPS WITH ADDITINOL WATER The rain fall may be sufficient for traditional crop. But crops like sugarcane need more water for growth than traditional crop.
Types of Irrigation
Lift Irrigation
Direct IRRIGATIO N
Storage IRRIGATION
Combined Irrigation
Perinal Irrigation
Water stored in Dams, Barrages, wires for supplying water throughout season
Induction irrigation
Induction Irrigation is carried out by Deep Flooding and Through saturation of land to be cultivated which is the drained off prior to the planting of crop. Depending upon the source from which water is drawn , flow irrigation is sub-divided Combined Direct Storage
IRRIGA TION IRRIGATION Irrigation
Sprinkler Irrigation
Method consist on artificial rain to crop or garden . Method is more useful where 1.Land can not be prepared for surface method 2.Slopes are excessive 3.Topography is irreguler 4.Soil is erosive 5.Depth of soil is shallow over gravel
Sprinkler Irrigation
Types 1.Permanent system 2.Semi- Permanent system 3.Portable system
Efficiency
80% of efficiency is possible.
Drip irrigation
In drip irrigation, also known as trickle irrigation water is applied in the form of drops directly near the base of the plant. Solution of fertilizer can introduce .