Dengue Fever in the Philippines

Camille Sana MPH Student Walden University PUBH 6165-4 :Environmental Health Dr. Howard Rubin February 2012

Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Goals/Objectives
Audience
Expected Objective

Learning outcome of Presentation

What is Dengue Fever?

Mosquito: Common

Aedes Aegypti
Source: Bepast.org

in tropical countries like Philippines Symptoms : mild to high grade fever, headache, joint and muscle pain, rash Complication: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever --Lethal !

Clinical Manifestations

Reference: WHO, 2009

Clinical Manifestations cont.

Dengue Fever Symptoms: Fever headache muscle and joint aches Skin rash

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever: High fever, hemorrhage, has 4 grades: Grade 1: Fever, non specific Grade 2: Grade 1 manifestation + spontaneous bleeding Grade 3: Signs of circulatory failure Grade 4: Profound shock,death Reference: WHO, 2009

Petecchial rash
Source: Denquefever.co.in

Impact of Dengue in the Philippines 1996-2005

Dengue Incidence Manila, Philippines 1996 -2005

Source : Sia, S.(2008)AMBIO - A Journal of the Human Environment, Jun2008, Vol. 37 Issue 4, p292-294, 3p, 1 Chart, 2 Graphs, 1 Map Graph; found on p293

Impact of Dengue in the Philippines 2010-2011

Source: Department of Health Philippines Disease Surveillance Report Morbidity Week 36 ,figure 1 page 1

Impact of Dengue in the Philippines 2010-2011(cont.)

Source: Department of Health Philippines Disease Surveillance Report Morbidity Week 36 ,Figure 2 page 2

Transmission of Dengue

VECTOR: Transmitted to humans by bite of female aedes aegypti mosquito. Dengue mosquitos lay eggs in areas with water (see left)

Source: www.CDC.com

HOST: Humans become host of virus. Virus incubation is 4-10 days then produce dengue symptoms
TRANSMISSION: Humans get infected from bite of infected aedes mosquito. Mosquitos get infected when they bite infected humans.

Source: Everyday health.com

Reference: CDC, n.d.

Prevention

Environmental Management Biological Control Chemical Control

Prevention (cont.)
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT

Modification Manipulation

Source: CDC,n.d. Source: CDC,n.d.

Changes in Human Behavior

Source: CDC,n.d.) Source:travelpod)

Prevention (cont.)
CHEMICAL CONTROL Use of insecticides Fogging Use of mosquito coils Repellents
Source: mosquitoes and more.com

Prevention (cont.)
BIOLOGICAL CONTROL Fish (poecilia reticulata)

Source: US Geological Survey

Predatory copepods (copepoda cyclopoidea)

Source: US Geological Survey

Lethal ovitraps
Source: DOH

Anti-Dengue Programs in the Philippines

June

2011: Dengue Prevention Month Massive antidengue campaign

Source: www.ifmt.auf.org

Source:www.tacloban.gov.ph
Source:DOH

Anti-Dengue Programs in the Philippines

Distribution

and training on use of mosquito OL trap (ovicidal-larvicidal trap)

Source : DOH

Source: DOH

Anti-Dengue Programs in the Philippines ( cont.)

Multi-sectoral

mosquito search and destroy cleanup campaign

Source: College of Nursing, University of Makati

Conclusion
Dengue

threat

is a health is Preventable

Dengue
Source:ADRA

Plan for action

Thank you

Additional Information/Resources
WEBSITES:

World Health Organization http://www.who.int/topics/dengue/en/ Centers for Disease Control and Prevention http://www.cdc.gov/dengue/ WHO. Dengue Haemorrhagic fever ealy recognition diagnosis and hospital management. An audiovisual guide for healthcrae workers responding to outbreaks.http://www.who.int/csr/don/archive/disease/dengue_fever/dengue.pdf WHO. Global Alert and response. http://www.who.int/csr/disease/dengue/en/ World Heath Organization. Guidelines for treatment of demgue fever/dengue hemorrhagic fever in small hospitals. http://www.searo.who.int/LinkFiles/Dengue_Guideline-dengue.pdf CDC, Clinicians Reference card.http://www.cdc.gov/Dengue/resources/Dengue%20Case%20Management_card _125085_12x6_Zcard_Dengue.pdf CDC. Information for health care practitioners. http://www.cdc.gov/dengue/resources/Dengue&DHF%20Information%20for%20Health %20Care%20Practitioners_2009.pdf CDC. Basic facts on Dengue http://www.cdc.gov/dengue/resources/CS_205910A.Dengue%20patient%20Ed%20Eng.FINAL.pdf

Additional Information/Resources ( cont.)

JOURNALS/ARTICLES:

Bernardo, E. C. (2008). Solid-Waste Management Practices of Households in Manila, Philippines. Annals Of The New York Academy Of Sciences, 1140420424. doi:10.1196/annals.1454.016 Johansson, MA, F Dominici, & GE Glass. Local and global effects of climate on dengue transmission in Puerto Rico. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases. 3(2): e382 (2009). Barrera R. 2009. Simplified Aedes aegyptis pupal-surveys for entomological surveillance and dengue control. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 81: 100-107. http://www.ajtmh.org/cgi/reprint/81/1/100 Barrera R, Amador M, Daz A. Joshua Smith, Muoz-Jordn JL, Rosario Y. 2008. Unusual productivity of Aedes aegypti in septic tanks and its implications for dengue control. Medical and Veterinary Entomology 22:62-69. http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/fulltext/119401311/PDFSTART Group on Dengue Meeting 1-5 October 2006, Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases UNICEF/UNDP/World Bank and WHO.

References
World Health Education ( 2009).Dengue guidelines for diagnosis treatment prevention and control. Retrieved from http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2009/9789241547871_eng.pdf

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2009). Dengue frequently asked questions. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/Dengue/faqFacts/index.html
World Health Organization (2006). Dengue hemorrhagic fever early recognition diagnosis and hospital management an audiovisual guide for health care workers responding to outbreaks. retrieved from http://www.who.int/csr/don/archive/disease/dengue_fever/dengue.pdf Department of Health (2011) Disease surveillance report morbidity week 36. Retrieved from http://dev1.doh.gov.ph/sites/default/files/2011Den36WMR_draft.pdf Sia Su, G. L. (2008). Correlation of Climatic Factors and Dengue Incidence in Metro Manila, Philippines. AMBIO - A Journal Of The Human Environment, 37(4), 292-294. Retrieved from http://web.ebscohost.com.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/ehost/detail?vid=5&hid=12&sid=c81b1f84903a-4856-81e3d2a7b75da458%40sessionmgr14&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZSZzY29wZT1zaXRl#db=a9h& AN=33116717

References ( cont.)
Centers for Disease and Control Prevention ( 2010) . Transmission of dengue virus retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/Dengue/epidemiology/index.html#transmission
Centers for Disease and Control Prevention ( n.d.) how to prevent the spread of mosquito that causes dengue. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/dengue/resources/Vector%20control%20sheet%20dengue.pdf Centers for disease control and prevention (2010). Larval control and other vector control preventions. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/malaria/malaria_worldwide/reduction/vector_control.html

Elias, M. Islam, M. Kabir, M & Rahman,M. ( 1995, August). Biological control of mosquito larvae by guppy fish. Bangladesh medical research council bulletin.21(2):81-6. Department of medical entomology. Institute of preventative and social medicine Mohakhali, Dhaka.Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8815867
Department of health ( 2011). Dengue surge in Luzon. Retrieved from http://dev1.doh.gov.ph/content/dengue-surge-luzon

References ( cont.)
Department of science and technology (n.d.).Mosquioto OL trap. Retrieved from www.science.ph/oltrap/ Department of Health (2011) . National dengue prevention and control program. Retrieved form http://www.doh.gov.ph.content/nationaldengue-prevention-and-control-program
World Health Organization (2012) Dengue epidemiology philippines. World health organization Western pacific region Retrieved from http://www.wpro.who.int/sites/mvp/epidemiology/dengue/phl_profile.htm