0051

A Comparative Study

Tea is the second most popular drink in the world, after water. For a number of developing countries it is also an important commodity in terms of jobs and export earnings. Tea production is labor intensive For a number of tea exporting countries, tea is a critical source of foreign income

Nepal

Nepali tea industry owes its roots to the colonization of India by the East India Company Numerous tea plantations around the hill station of Darjeeling were promoted by the British. First tea estates were established in 1863 in Illam and Jhapa In 1966, the Nepalese government had established the Nepal Tea Development Corporation

India

The first discovery of the tea plant growing wild in India (upper Assam) in 1821 Since 1869 the tea industry has continued to prosper steadily The most encouraging development of the tea sector of the state is the participation of unemployed youths as small tea grower

The US The EU Japan India Pakistan

Russian Federation Pakistan UAE Poland Canada France

Economic relationship between Nepal and India is unique. There are historical, geographical, cultural, linguistic, ethnic, social and family links between people living in India and Nepal Therefore, the trade and other related relationship between Nepal and India has its own significance Historic trade relation, geographical proximity, identical culture, similar agriculture productions are cited few examples quite repeatedly.

Years 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Average Export unit value 2286.79 2080.83 2615.38 N.A 2311.99 2174.83 2125.95 1854.83 1978.34 2254.14

Years

World (FOB) Price 1995 1996 1997 5329.815 6284.927 8625.881

Domestic Price 4641 4920 7853

Ratio of domestic to FOB 1-NPC Price (NPC) 0.87 0.78 0.91 0.13 0.22 0.09

1-NPC*100

12.92 21.72 8.96

1998
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

9858.567
10018.95 11109.19 11031.07 10998.02 11086 11165.08

9003
7987 7576 6649 5910 6708 6708

0.91
0.80 0.68 0.60 0.54 0.61 0.62

0.09
0.20 0.32 0.40 0.46 0.39 0.38

8.68
20.28 31.80 39.72 46.26 39.49 37.69

Years 1995 1996 1997

Average Export unit value 1561.52 1657.51 2615.61

1998
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

2569.24
2458.25 2125.65 2177.25 1857.25 1975.25 2225.24

Values in million NRs

2003 Total EU Japan USA sub-total Japan EU USA sub-total 56.32 30.92 3.42 6.99 41.33 6.1 54.9 12.4 73.4 2004 121.82 19.07 3.51 2.74 25.32 2.9 15.7 2.2 20.8 2005 120.73 65.56 2.55 6.37 74.49 2.1 54.3 5.3 61.7 2006 99.74 30.04 2.63 1.46 38.13 2.6 34.1 1.5 38.2 2007 123.64 34.37 2.89 13.67 50.93 2.3 27.8 11.1 41.2 2008 58.05 37.67 1.94 5.76 45.37 3.3 64.9 9.9 78.2 2004 116.3 -38.3 2.8 -60.8 -38.7 2005 -0.9

Growth Rate
2006 -17.4 -48.1 3 -77.1 -48.8 2007 24 1 10 835.4 33.6 2008 -53.1 9.6 -32.8 -57.8 -10.9

243.8 -27.3 132.5 194.1

Share in Total

Health and Safety

Tea plucking is difficult, hazardous work. Workers are on their feet for hours on end, carrying tea-collecting baskets on their backs Sometimes steep slopes on which tea is picked raises the risks of accidents they are exposed to harsh weather conditions (hot, cold, wet), pesticides, mosquitoes and other insects, and poisonous snakes.

Child Labor and Child Work

According to the literature the use of child labour in tea-producing countries is common Due to financial need and a lack of nursery or educational facilities, women plantation workers are often obliged to take their children to the plantation.