INTRODUCTION Network provides means for two or more entities to

communicate with each other.

For communication, an identifier is required so that

one entity can uniquely and unambiguously identify another entity.

ADDRESSING refers to the process of assigning unique numerical identifiers to the network entities for the purpose of locating and identifying these entities.

CLASSIFICATION
Scope-based Addressing: Classification based on the scope or geographical extent in which a given address is applicable. 2 sub-classes of addresses:
o o

Globally unique address Locally unique address

Utility-based Addressing: Classification based on the utility or purpose that an address serves Two sub-classes of addresses:
o o

Locators Identifiers

 Layer-based Addressing: Classification based on the OSI layers. 2 sub-classes of addresses:

o

Link-layer address Network Layer address

Functionality-based Addressing: Classification based on number of entities being addressed Four sub-classes of addresses: o Unicast addresses o Multicast addresses o Anycast addresses o Broadcast addresses
Examples: E.164 Addressing, Internet Addressing, NSAP addressing

AESA FORMAT
ATM address is also referred to as ATM End System

Address (AESA) Format. Identifies location of one or more ATM interfaces. Based on generic Network Service Access Point (NSAP) format. NSAP: Logical point between the network and transport layer where network services are delivered to the transport layer; the location of this point is identified to the OSI network service provider by the NSAP address. NSAP address is divided into two parts: Initial Domain Part (IDP) Domain Specific Part (DSP)

 IDP identifies a particular network-addressing domain

that is part of global network addressing domain. Divided into two parts: Authority and Format Identifier (AFI) Initial Domain Identifier (IDI) AFI specifies authority controlling IDI and the format of

IDI. e.g. AFI=45 means IDI is based on E.164 addressing. IDI identifies the authority controlling the assignment of DSP (its meaning and format).

 DSP consists of three fields: High-Order Specific Part (HO-DSP) End System Identifier (ESI) Selector (SEL) HO-DSP: The coding rules are specified by the authority that is identified by IDP. Authority controls how addresses are assigned and interpreted within that domain. It may break domain into sub-domains and use a portion of DSP to identify individual domains. This division provides means of hierarchical routing. ESI: Identifies an end system and is of 6-octet length. SEL: 1-octet field and is used to identify a protocol within an end-system.

 In ATM generic NSAP format is of 20 octets in length.

Four different AESA formats are specified by ATM

Forum:
Data Country Code (DCC) AESA format International Code Designator (ICD) AESA format E.164 AESA format Local AESA format

The type of format applicable is specified by AFI field.

(Different formats have different values of AFI) DCC format: AFI = 0*39 ICD format: AFI = 0*47 E.164 format: AFI = 0*45 Local AESA: AFI = 0*49

IDP
A F I D C C

DSP

HO-DSP

ESI

S E L

IDI IDP
A F I I C D

DSP

HO-DSP
DSP E.164

ESI

S E L

IDI IDP
A F I

HO-DSP
DSP

ESI

S E L

IDI
IDP
A F I

HO-DSP

ESI

S E L

 In DCC, ICD and E.264 formats, IDI field is represented

by DCC, ICD and E.164 values, respectively. In Local AESA format, there is no IDI field. Functions of formats: DCC is a three digit code that specifies the country to which the address is registered. ICD is a four digit field that identifies an authority that is responsible for allocation and assignment of values of DSP. E.164 specifies an ISDN number and is upto 15 digits in length. Local AESA format is used within a private network. Such addressing is useful when interconnection with other networks is not required.

ATM GROUP ADDRESS

It identifies a service instead of an end-system. E.g. Anycast service. Group address have different AFIs than that used for

individual addresses. An ATM end-system is formed by one or more ATM endsystems. An ATM end system can enter or leave a group anytime using ILMI registration and deregistration procedures. Once a group is formed with one or more addresses, and an end system wishes to avail a particular service, it uses the group address as Called Party number. Seeing this group address, intermediate ATM switch routes the call to the nearest server providing that service.

ACQUIRING ATM ADDRESS

ATM NAME SYSTEM (ANS)