AC/DC MACHINES

(EEN419)
ELECTROMECHANICAL ENERGY CONVERSION
PRESENTED BY: ENGR. JUN A. TERESA DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING UNIVERSITY OF THE EAST - MANILA

THE MAP

ELECTROMECHANICAL ENERGY CONVERSION

ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION (EMI) PROCESS
( DEMONSTRATED THROUGH)

MACHINES
Governed by Laws

DC
Single-phase 1 TRANSFORMER GENERATOR MOTOR

AC

3 TRANSFORMER

MODULE NO.1
DEFINITION OF AC AND DC WAVEFORMS THE ELEMENTARY GENERATOR SLIP RING VS. SPLIT RING COLLECTOR OBJECTIVES: To recall the definition of AC and DC signal To explain how AC signal is generated through Electromagnetic Induction Process To show how AC signal is converted to DC signal

ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION

WHENEVER A CONDUCTOR CUTS ACROSS THE FLUX OF A MAGNETIC FIELD, AN EMF IS PRODUCED IN THE CONDUCTOR. If the two ends of the conductor are connected to an outside circuit, the induced emf causes current to flow in the circuit.
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Faradays Laws of Electromagnetic Induction First Law. An emf is induced in a coil whenever the flux linking the coil changes with time Second Law. The magnitude of the induced emf in an N-turn coil is equal to the time rate of change of the magnetic flux through it.
Where: e induced emf in volts

d eN dt

N number of turns of the coil d rate of change of flux in Web per se dt

Moving wire through magnetic field

When a wire made of conducting material cuts through a magnetic field, an electrical current is created in the wire.

Moving the wire through the magnetic field creates an electric current, as measured by a meter attached to the ends of the wire
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Principle :

A.C. generators or alternators (as they are usually called) operate on the same fundamental principles of electromagnetic induction as DC generators.
Alternating voltage may be generated by rotating a coil in the magnetic field or by rotating a magnetic field within a stationary coil. The value of the voltage generated depends on-

the number of turns in the coil.

strength of the field. the speed at which the coil or magnetic field rotates.

AC VOLTAGE GENERATION

AC GENERATION

AC GENERATION

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AC GENERATION

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AC GENERATION

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Comparison of DC and AC loops and rings

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An electrical Generator is a machine which converts mechanical energy (or power) into electrical energy (or power).

Principle :
It is based on the principle of production of dynamically (or motionally) induced e.m.f (Electromotive Force). Whenever a conductor cuts magnetic flux, dynamically induced e.m.f. is produced in it according to Faradays Law of Electromagnetic Induction. This e.m.f. causes a current to flow if the conductor circuit is closed. Hence, the basic essential parts of an electric generator are : A magnetic field and A conductor or conductors which can so move as to cut the flux.

DC VOLTAGE GENERATION

AC GENERATION

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DC GENERATION

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DC GENERATION

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DC GENERATION

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DC GENERATION

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