NUTRITION

BY : NUR DIANA SHAHIRA & WAN MUHAMMAD AIMAN AMIN

WHAT IS NUTRITION & NUTRITIOUS FOOD?

NUTRITION
Is the supply of materials (food), required by organisms and cells to stay alive. In science and human medicine, nutrition is the science or practice of consuming and utilizing foods.

NUTRITIOUS FOOD
Food that contains nutrients needed by the body to stay healthy. Eating a healthy nutritious diet is important to prevent a variety of diseases, including cancer. Good nutrition is vital to good health, disease prevention, and essential for healthy growth and development of children and adolescents.

CLASSES OF FOOD
Food can be classified into seven main classes. Carbohydrate Protein Fat Vitamin Mineral Fibre Water

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

CARBOHYDRATE
Contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Supply most of the energy our body needs. Examples: sugar, starch, cellulose, glycogen.

PROTEIN
Contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. Needed for growth and repair of body tissues. Examples: fish, meat, egg

FAT
Contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Help to keep us warm and protect internal organs. Examples: animal fats, vegetable oils

VITAMINS
Organic compounds needed in small amounts by our body. Needed for health and growth. Vitamins A, B, C, D

MINERALS
Inorganic compounds needed by our body, Needed for healthy growth and development

MINERAL
Calcium

SOURCE
Cheese, milk, eggs, green vegetables

FUNCTION
Strong bones and teeth Blood clotting Muscle and nerve activities Maintains body fluid Proper functioning of nerves Needed to form haemoglobin in red blood cells

DEFICIENCY DISEASE
Rickets Osteoporosis Prolonged bleeding Muscular cramps Muscular cramps

Sodium

Table salt, cheese, meat

Iron

Meat, eggs, green vegetables

Anaemia

Iodine

Seafood, iodised salt

Needed to make harmones of the thyroid gland

Goitre(swelling of the thyroid gland in the neck)

MINERAL
Phosphorus

SOURCE
Eggs, meat, milk, cheese, vegetables

FUNCTION
Strong bones and teeth Muscle contraction Stores energy

DEFICIENCY DISEASE
Rickets Weakness

Potassium

Meat, nuts, bananas

Maintains body Weak muscles fluid Paralysis Proper functioning of nerves Regulation of heartbeat

FIBRE
Made up of cellulose Prevent constipation

WATER
Solvent for many substances in the body Regulate body temperature

THE IMPORTANCE OF EATING NUTRITIOUS FOOD

Eating nutritious food is also known as eating a balanced diet. A balanced diet contains the right amount of the seven classes of food to meet the daily requirements of the body. A balanced diet is necessary for: a. supplying the required energy b. balanced body growth c. maintaining the health of the body d. preventing deficiency diseases such as scurvy and rickets

NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF NOT EATING NUTRITIOUS FOOD

Too much sugar diabetes

Too much salt

high blood pressure

NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF NOT EATING NUTRITIOUS FOOD?

Too much fat obesity, high blood cholesterol level, cancers

Too much food

obesity

NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF NOT EATING NUTRITIOUS FOOD?

Too little food anorexia nervosa, bulimia

Too little roughage

constipation, haemorroids

HEALTHY EATING HABITS

RECOMMENDATIONS

Cultivate healthy eating habits to stay healthy. Eat a variety of food according to the recommended amount shown in a food guide pyramid.

HEALTHY EATING HABITS

RECOMMENDATIONS

Eat in moderation. Balance food intake with exercise. Choose nutritious food and avoid less nutritious food
Junk food, fast foods, highly processed food, fizzy drinks Fresh fruits & vegetables, cereal, grain, bread, unpolished rice

HEALTHY EATING HABITS

RECOMMENDATIONS

Read food labels Do not be misled by food advertisements Eat at regular time

EATING MANNER VS RELIGIOUS SENSITIVITY

Serve only halal food to Muslims Avoid serving beef to the Hindus Avoid serving meat to the vegetarian Be considerate when eating & drinking amongst Muslin during Ramadhan

A BALANCED DIET
BREAKFAST A glass of milk 1 set of egg sandwich 1 slice of honey dew LUNCH 1 cup of white rice Grilled salmon Salad Fruit juice DINNER 1 cup of seafood pasta Salad A glass of plain water

THANK YOU