Anand K Bewoor & Vinay A Kulkarni

METROLOGY & MEASUREMENT

2009 Tata McGraw-Hill Education

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METROLOGY & MEASUREMENT

Anand K Bewoor & Vinay A Kulkarni

PROPRIETARY MATERIAL. 2009 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this PowerPoint slide may be displayed, reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher, or used beyond the limited distribution to teachers and educators permitted by McGraw-Hill for their individual course preparation. If you are a student using this PowerPoint slide, you are using it without permission. 1

Anand K Bewoor & Vinay A Kulkarni

METROLOGY & MEASUREMENT

2009 Tata McGraw-Hill Education

Chapter 5

Metrology of Machine Tools

Anand K Bewoor & Vinay A Kulkarni

METROLOGY & MEASUREMENT

2009 Tata McGraw-Hill Education

Machine tool metrology is necessary to ensure that a machine tool is capable of producing products with desired accuracy and precision
D Y Kulkarni, Inteltek Co. Ltd., Pune

TESTS FOR MACHINE TOOLS

The modern industry uses a large number of machine tools for producing various components with varying degrees of precision. The quality of manufactured products, apart from depending on the skills of operators, also depends largely upon the accuracy of machine tools being used while producing them. The quality of a machine tool depends on the rigidity and stiffness of the machine, fitment of the parts and their alignment with each other along with the accuracy and quality of supporting devices. The stiffness and rigidity values are finalized by the designer during the prototype testing and need not be reconsidered during the commissioning of a machine tool at the users place. In addition to manufacturing accuracy, the working accuracy of a machine tool is influenced by the geometry of cutting tools, material properties of cutting tools and the workpiece, parameters of cutting conditions like speed, feed and depth of cut, work-holding and clamping devices, skill of the operator, working environment and like parameters.

Anand K Bewoor & Vinay A Kulkarni

METROLOGY & MEASUREMENT

2009 Tata McGraw-Hill Education

Dr G Schlesinger was a pioneer in designing Machine Tool Alignment Tests. He was a great believer in the importance of international standardization. Before the Second World War, he was an active member of the committee ISO/TC39. Schlesingers classic tests were intended to cover those portions of manually operated machines where a skilled operator measures the workpiece during the operation and is able to eliminate function effects such as deformations due to weights, clamping forces or thermal influences, and dynamic displacement errors of a machine and its related components. Machine tools are very sensitive to impact or shock; even heavy castings may not be rigid enough to withstand stresses caused by a fall during transportation, resulting deformations and possibly cracks, rendering the entire machine tool useless. In general, machine tool tests must be carried out at the users place and not only before the transportation. Machine tools are then carefully aligned during installation. According to Dr G Schlesinger, the steps to be followed for execution of an acceptance test are as follows: 1) Decision regarding suitable location of the machine tool 2) Layout of a proper foundation plan 3) Preparing the foundation, followed by curing 4) Lifting and erecting the machine tool on the foundation 5) Leveling the machine tool before starting the test 6) Connecting and grouting the foundation bolts 7) Carrying out second-leveling after setting of foundation bolts 8) Checking final leveling before testing and commissioning

Anand K Bewoor & Vinay A Kulkarni

METROLOGY & MEASUREMENT

2009 Tata McGraw-Hill Education

The continuously increasing demand for highly accurate machine components has led to considerable research towards the means by which the geometric accuracies of a machine can be improved and maintained. To ensure that a machine tool is capable of manufacturing products with desired accuracy, certain tests are required to be performed on it. The machine tools are tested at different stages such as during manufacturing, assembling, installation and overhauling as per the accuracy test chart in order to check their confirmation of meeting the desired specification levels. In general, these tests are classified on a broad basis as practical (performance) tests and geometric (alignment) tests.

Anand K Bewoor & Vinay A Kulkarni

METROLOGY & MEASUREMENT

2009 Tata McGraw-Hill Education

Anand K Bewoor & Vinay A Kulkarni

METROLOGY & MEASUREMENT

2009 Tata McGraw-Hill Education

Anand K Bewoor & Vinay A Kulkarni

METROLOGY & MEASUREMENT

2009 Tata McGraw-Hill Education

Anand K Bewoor & Vinay A Kulkarni

METROLOGY & MEASUREMENT

2009 Tata McGraw-Hill Education

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METROLOGY & MEASUREMENT

2009 Tata McGraw-Hill Education

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