Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
What is Value?
Values are broad preferences concerning courses of action or outcomes. Basic convictions/ enduring beliefs that a specific mode of conduct or end state of existence is personally or socially preferable to an opposite or converse mode of conduct or end state of existence.
Certain Characteristics
They are relatively stable and enduring Values are not fixed, but they change slowly
Generational Values
Indulgence Vs restrains
This is the most recent addition to Hofsteads typology. Indulgence is the degree to which it is alright for people to enjoy life, have fun and fulfill natural human desires. Restrain is the extent to which there are social norms governing the gratification of basic human desires and human behaviour.
India Vs USA
Value Dimensions Power distance Individualism versus collectivism Masculinity Vs femininity Score ( India) 77 48 Score ( USA) 40 91
56
62
Uncertainty avoidance
Long Vs Short term orientation Indulgence Vs restraint
40
51
46
26
26
68
Can you recognize Hofsteads Value dimensions highlighted in the following statements?
Cooperation is considered better because it promotes harmony between people. People strive for personal achievement People believe in minimizing inequality People are more willing to take risks and more comfortable with individual differences. Cultural values are oriented towards future
What is an attitude?
Attitude can be defined as a persistent psychological tendency to feel and behave in a particular way. They are evaluative statements- either favorable or unfavorable concerning objects, people, or events
Direct Experience
Social Learning
Work Attitudes
Job satisfaction
Organizational Citizenship Behavior
Job dissatisfaction
Individual Determinants
Status and seniority Age Marital Status No. of dependents Personality General life satisfaction Personality-job fit
What satisfies Indian Employees (Results of 17 research studies conducted between 1965to 1997) Managers/Supervisors- Responsibility, work
itself, achievement, recognition , relationship with co-workers are the most important factors contributing to the job satisfaction of Indian managers/supervisor. Domestic life and adequate money also satisfy them. Workers-Most important factor is money. This is followed by job security. ( 12 out of 16 studies confirm this).