Animal Cells and Plant Cells

Animal cells

ANIMAL CELL
Cytoplasm Nucleus Cell Membrane

You need to identify the different parts of a typical animal cell and relate the parts to the functions.

parts of animal cell: cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus

According to the cell theory, proposed over 150 years ago:

Most cells are very tiny and can only be seen with the

aid of a microscope. A human body is composed of billions of cells!

The cells in the human body consist of blood cells,

skin cells, brain cells and many others and each type of cells has different functions.
Despite their differences, most cells in living

organisms have similar structures and functions.

Cell Membrane

A cell membrane keeps all the parts of the cell

inside.
It controls what enters and exits the cell such

as water, nutrients and waste and thereby protects and supports the cell.
It is the outermost layer in the animal cell.

Cytoplasm

Inside the cell, there is a large fluid-filled space

called the cytoplasm.

It is a jelly-like substance composed of mainly

water as well as substances like dissolved nutrients.

The cytoplasm fills up the space between the

nucleus and the cell membrane.

Nucleus

The nucleus is located in the cytoplasm of the cell.

It controls and regulates all cell activities. It is the

"control center" of the cell and it contains the cell's DNA.

It has a similar function to the brain of the body

which is helping to control eating, movement, and reproduction.

Lets summarise:

Animal Cell - Functions

Nucleus control centre of the cell stores information for cell functions Cytoplasm jelly-like, where cell activities take place Cell membrane thin, controls the substances that enter or exit the cells

Examples of Cells found in Animals

Cheek Cells

Can you identify the parts of the cell? - cell membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm

Red Blood Cells

Human Muscle Cells

Plant cells

You need to identify the different parts of a typical plant cell and relate the parts to the functions. parts of plant cell: cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus and chloroplasts

PLANT CELL
Chloroplast Cytoplasm Nucleus Cell Wall

Cell Membrane

 A cell membrane keeps

all the parts of the cell inside.

It controls what enters
Cell Membrane

and exits the cell such as water, nutrients and waste and thereby protects and supports the cell.
It is found just inside

the cell wall in the plant cell.

 The cell wall is found in plant

cells but not in animal cells.

This is the outermost layer in

the plant cell. It is stiff and rigid and helps a plant keep its shape.
Cell walls allow materials

Cell Wall

like water and nutrients; waste, oxygen and carbon dioxide to pass to and from the cell membrane.

 Chloroplasts are only found

in plant cells. They are responsible for photosynthesis.

Every green plant you see

is working to convert the energy from the sun into sugars during the process of photosynthesis. Chloroplast Plants are the basis of all life on Earth. They make sugars, and the by-product of photosynthesis is the oxygen that we breathe.
Chloroplasts are green

because of the pigment chlorophyll.

 Inside the cell, there is a

large fluid-filled space called the cytoplasm.

It is a jelly-like substance

Cytoplasm

composed of mainly water as well as substances like dissolved nutrients.

The cytoplasm is found in

both plant and animal cells, filling the space between the nucleus and the cell membrane.

 The nucleus is found in both

plant and animal cells.

It is located in the

cytoplasm of the cell.

It controls and regulates all

cell activities. It is the "control center" of the cell and it contains the cell's DNA.
It has a similar function to

Nucleus

the brain of the body which is helping to control eating, movement, and reproduction.

Lets summarise:

Plant Cell - Functions

Nucleus Chloroplasts control centre of the cell stores information for cell functions contain green pigment chlorophyll, needed in photosynthesis jelly-like, where cell activities take place

Cytoplasm

Cell membrane
Cell wall

thin, controls the substances that enter or exit the cells

stiff wall which gives plant cells their shape

Examples of Cells found in Plants

Hydrilla Cells

Hydrilla Cells- Magnified

Can you spot the cell wall, cell membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm and chloroplasts?

Onion Cells

Onion cell- Magnified

Can you identify the parts of the cell?

Cells in a leaf
stoma stoma

Cells in the stem

xylem
phloem

Differences between Plant and Animal Cells

Plant Cell
Plant cells contain chloroplasts to make food from solar energy during photosynthesis. Underground parts of plants usually do not contain chloroplasts. Plant cells contain cell wall.

Animal Cell
Animal cells do not contain chloroplasts.

Animal cells do not have cell wall.

Difference Between Plant Cell And Animal Cell

PLANT CELL ************ Shape Size Cell Wall Vacuole Plastid Centrosome Mitochondria Amino Acid Cell Division

ANIMAL CELL ************** Shape Size Cell Wall Vacuole Plastid Centrosome Mitochondria Amino Acid Cell Division

SHAPE
Plant cell is

rectangular in shape.
Animal cell is

spherical in shape.

*Plant cell is larger than Animal cell. *Animal cell is smaller than plant cell.

SIZE *****

CELL WALL
Plant cell is covered by

a thick cell wall. Cell wall is made up of cellulose and hemicellulose. ****************** Animal cell is covered by a thin cell membrane. It is made up of Lipoprotein. *******************

VACUOLE
In plant cell, Vacuole is big,prominent and

permanent.

In animal cell, Vacuole is small,temporary and

not so prominent.

PLASTID
Plastids are present only

in plant cell. Plastids are of three types. *Leucoplast *Chromoplast *Chloroplast !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! PLASTID IS ABSENT IN ANIMAL CELL.

CENTROSOME
Centrosome is absent in plant cell. ***************************

Centrosome is present is animal cell. *It helps in the process of cell division. **************************************

MITOCHONDRIA
The number of

Mitochondria is less in plant cell than animal cell.

The number of

Mitochondria is approximately more in animal cell.

AMINO ACIDS
In Plant Cell all the

Amino acids can be synthesized.

@@@@@@@@@ Animal cell can

synthesize only some kinds of Amino acids.

CELL DIVISION
In Plant Cell ,Cell Division occurs by cell plate

In Animal Cell , Cell Division occurs by furrow

in spite of cell plate.