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Name – A r dh en du
Mishra
Meanin
g
A multi-core processor is an integrated circuit to which
two or more processors have been attached for enhanced
performance, reduced power consumption, and more
efficient simultaneous processing of multiple tasks. A dual
core set-up is somewhat comparable to having multiple,
separate processors installed in the same computer, but
because the two processors are actually plugged into the
same socket, the connection between them is faster.
Ideally, a dual core processor is nearly twice as powerful
as a single core processor. In practice, performance gains
are said to be about fifty percent: a dual core processor is
likely to be about one-and-a-half times as powerful as a
• A multi-core CPU (or chip-level multiprocessor, CMP)
combines two or more independent cores into a
single package composed of a single integrated
circuit (IC), called a die, or more dies packaged
together.
• A multi-core microprocessor implements
multiprocessing in a single physical package. Multicore
architecture has a single processor package
that contains two or more processor "execution
cores," or computational engines, and delivers—
with appropriate software—fully parallel execution
of multiple software threads.
• Cores in a multi-core device may share a single
coherent cache at the highest on-device cache level
(e.g. L2 for the Intel Core 2) or may have separate
caches (e.g. current AMD dual-core processors). The
processors also share the same interconnect to the
rest of the system.
• The operating system (OS) perceives each of its
execution cores as a discrete processor, with all the
associated execution resources.
• Each "core" independently implements
optimizations such as superscalar execution,
pipelining, and multithreading
•A dual-core processor contains two cores and a quadcore
processor contains four cores. Dual-core
processors are the first step in the transition to multicore
computing.
•Intel is already conducting research on architectures
that could hold dozens or even hundreds of processors
on a single die
•By enabling energy-efficient performance and moreefficient
simultaneous processing of multiple tasks,
multi-core processors promise to improve user
experiences in both home and business environments.
Multi-Core is the future of computing
Functional units
Superscalar is known territory. Diminishing returns
for adding more functional blocks. Single-threaded
architectural performance is pegged
Data paths
Increasing bandwidth between functional units in a
core makes a difference. Such as comprehensive
64-bit design.
Pipeline
Deeper pipeline buys frequency at expense of
increased cache miss penalty and lower instructions
per clock. Shallow pipeline gives better instructions
per clock at the expense of frequency scaling. Max.
frequency per core requires deeper pipelines
Cache
Cache size buys performance at expense of die size.
Deep pipeline cache miss penalties are reduced by
larger caches.
•Increased computing Capabilities
•Higher Performance
•The digital home & Business
•Quality software development
•Adjustments to the existing software

•Thermal management
Thank You