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Presented by
Patel Hiren M.
M.V.Sc. (Anim.Biotechnology)
INTRODUCTION
2
Fig. 6.5
20. Also discovered that r+ mutants treated with proflavin could be restored to
the wild type (revertants).
ü deletion (-) corrects addition (+) or vice versa
4. Combination of three r+ mutants routinely yielded revertants, unlike
other multiple combinations.
7
Fig. shows how three nearby + (addition) mutations restore the reading
frame, giving normal or near-normal function.
How was the Genetic Code Deciphered?
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1. Cell-free, protein synthesizing machinery isolated from E. coli.
(ribosomes, tRNAs, protein factors, radio-labeled amino acids).
1. Code is triplet.
2. Code is non-overlapping
3. Code is non-Punctuating
4. Code is almost universal.
5. Code is unambiguous
6. Code is degenerate.
7. Code has start and stop signals.
8. Wobble occurs in the tRNA anti-codon
Wobble hypothesis
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ü Proposed by Francis Crick in 1966.
Pairing in 3rd
position of codons
is Less stringent.
In part, is due to
Inosine (I), which
can pair with U, C,
or A.
Wobble explains
degeneracy of code
21
22
Genetic Code degeneracy
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18 of 20 amino acids are coded by more than one codon. Met
and Trp are the only exceptions
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