SAN

Module 11 Data ONTAP 7.3 Fundamentals

Module Objectives
By the end of this module, you should be able to: Explain the purpose of a SAN Identify supported SAN configurations Distinguish between FC and iSCSI protocols Define a LUN and explain LUN attributes Use the lun setup command and FilerView to create iSCSI LUNs Access and manage a LUN from a Windows host Define SnapDrive and its features
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SAN Overview

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What is a SAN?
Storage Area Network (SAN)

iSCSI

FC

Ethernet

Corporate LAN

SAN (Blocks)

NAS (Files)

NetApp FAS

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SAN Protocols

WAFL Architecture

Block Services

SAN Protocols FCP iSCSI

Network Interfaces FC Encapsulated SCSI Ethernet Encapsulated SCSI

Fibre Channel Network

TCP/IP Network

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SAN Components

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SAN Components
Hosts
Supported platforms are Windows, Solaris, AIX,HP-UX, Linux, NetWare, VMware Referred to as initiators

Connectivity
Direct-attach NetworkNetwork can be fabric (FCP) or IP (iSCSI)

Storage system
Allocates blocks to an initiator group (igroup) Referred to as targets
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FC Components
Host bus adapter (HBA) Storage systems and hosts have HBAs with one or more ports. The HBA is identified by a Worldwide Node Name (WWNN). Each port on the HBA is identified by a Worldwide Port Name (WWPN), which is used to create igroups.
HBA WWNN 20:00:00:2b:34:26:a6:54
HBA WWPN 21:00:00:2b:34:26:a6:54 22:00:00:2b:34:26:a6:54
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iSCSI Components
A host is configured with one of the following:
Software initiators with a standard NIC TCP Offload Engine (TOE) with a software initiator iSCSI HBA

A host initiator is identified by a WWNN, such as the following:

iqn.1998-02.com.netapp:sn12345678 eui.1234567812345678

A storage system is configured with either:

iSCSI HBA Standard NIC
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Initiator/Target Relationship
Host (Initiator)
Windows or UNIX
Application FC Driver

Fabric/Network
FC HBAs

Controller (Target)
Storage System
FC Driver SAN Services

SCSI over FC iSCSI HBAs

WAFL iSCSI Driver

File System

SCSI Driver

SCSI over TCP/IP (iSCSI)

iSCSI Driver TCP /IP

RAID

SCSI over TCP/IP (iSCSI) Ethernet NICs SCSI Adapters

TCP /IP

Data ONTAP FC or SATA Attached

LUN

Direct-Attached Storage

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LUN Overview
A LUN (Logical Unit Number) is: A logical representation of storage Configured as a single disk Appears as a local disk on the host Centrally stored, but managed by a host at the block level

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Setting Up a SAN

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Setting Up a SAN
To set up a SAN: 1. License the appropriate SAN protocol on the storage system. 2. Create a volume or qtree where the LUN will reside (apply quotas when appropriate). 3. Verify the SAN protocol driver is on. 4. Configure the host initiator. 5. Create the LUN and igroup, and then associate the igroup to the LUN.

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Review Questions
How do you license the appropriate SAN protocol on the storage system?
Use the license add command from a storage system Use FilerView from a host

How do you create a volume or qtree for a LUN?

Use the vol create command from a storage system Use the qtree create command from a storage system Use FilerView from a host
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Managing FCP or iSCSI

After licensing, the FCP or iSCSI drivers can be activated To manage the FCP or iSCSI protocols:
Using the CLI
FCP
fcp [subcommand] Example: fcp status

iSCSI
iscsi [subcommand] Examples: iscsi start or iscsi status

Using FilerView

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Configuring the Initiator

Only the initiator(s) identified in the LUN igroup can access the LUN through the protocol specified (FCP or iSCSI) There are different methods for setting up the initiator depending on:
Host operating system SAN protocol used (FCP or iSCSI) Method of connection (HBA or software initiator)

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iSCSI Software Initiator

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iSCSI Software Initiator (Cont.)

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iSCSI Software Initiator (Cont.)

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Creating LUNs
Create LUNs using one of the following methods: The CLI:
lun create lun setup

FilerView SnapDrive (covered later in this module)

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The lun setup Command

system> lun setup This setup will take you through the steps needed to create LUNs and to make them accessible by initiators. You can type ^C (Control-C) at any time to abort the setup and no unconfirmed changes will be made to the system. Do you want to create a LUN? [y]: y Multiprotocol type of LUN (image/solaris/windows/hpux/aix/linux) [image]: windows A LUN path must be absolute. A LUN can only reside in a volume or qtree root. For example, to create a LUN with name "lun0" in the qtree root /vol/vol1/q0, specify the path as "/vol/vol1/q0/lun0". Enter LUN path: /vol/winvol/tree1/lun0 A LUN can be created with or without space reservations being enabled. Space reservation guarantees that data writes to that LUN will never fail. Do you want the LUN to be space reserved? [y]: y Size for a LUN is specified in bytes. You can use single-character multiplier suffixes: b(sectors), k(KB), m(MB), g(GB) or t(TB). Enter LUN size: 12g You can add a comment string to describe the contents of the LUN. Please type a string (without quotes), or hit ENTER if you don't want to supply a comment. Enter comment string: Windows LUN

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The lun setup Command (Cont.)

The LUN will be accessible to an initiator group. You can use an existing group name, or supply a new name to create a new initiator group. Enter '?' to see existing initiator group names. Name of initiator group: ? Existing initiator groups: Name of initiator group: salesigroup Type of initiator group salesigroup (FCP/iSCSI) [FCP]: iscsi An iSCSI initiator group is a collection of initiator node names.Each node name can begin with either 'eui.' or 'iqn.' and should be in the following formats: eui.{EUI-64 address} or iqn.yyyy-mm.{reversed domain name}:{any string} Eg: iqn.2001-04.com.acme:storage.tape.sys1.xyz or eui.02004567A425678D You can separate node names by commas. Enter '?' to display a list of connected initiators. Hit ENTER when you are done adding node names to this group. Enter comma separated nodenames: ? Initiators connected on adapter iswta: iSCSI Initiator Name Group iqn.1991-05.com.microsoft:slu2-win.edsvcs.netapp.com Adapter iswtb is running on behalf of the partner. Enter comma separated nodenames: iqn.1991-05.com.microsoft:slu2-win.edsvcs.netapp.com Enter comma separated nodenames:

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The lun setup Command (Cont.)

The initiator group has an associated OS type. The following are currently supported: solaris, windows, hpux, aix, linux or default. OS type of initiator group "salesigroup" [windows]: windows The LUN will be accessible to all the initiators in the initiator group. Enter '?' to display LUNs already in use by one or more initiators in group "salesigroup". LUN ID at which initiator group "salesigroup" sees "/vol/winvol/tree1/lun0"[0]: 0 LUN Path : /vol/winvol/tree1/lun0 OS Type : windows Size : 12.0g (12889013760) Comment : Windows LUN Initiator Group : salesigroup Initiator Group Type : iSCSI Initiator Group Members : iqn.1991-05.com.microsoft:slu2-win.edsvcs.netapp.com Mapped to LUN-ID : 0 Do you want to accept this configuration? [y]: y Do you want to create another LUN? [n]: n NetApp1> lun show -m LUN path Mapped to LUN ID ------------------------------------------------------------/vol/winvol/tree1/lun0 salesigroup 0 system>

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Creating a LUN Using FilerView

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Accessing a LUN

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Accessing a LUN

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Accessing a LUN (Cont.)

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Accessing a LUN (Cont.)

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Accessing a LUN (Cont.)

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Accessing a LUN (Cont.)

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Accessing a LUN (Cont.)

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SnapDrive

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SnapDrive
SnapDrive ensures consistent LUN Snapshots and is available:
From NetApp to manage a LUN from a host For the Windows, Solaris, Linux, AIX, and HPUX platforms

SnapDrive can create an iSCSI LUN on the storage system and automatically attach it to the client host
NOTE: If SnapDrive is used to create a LUN, you must use SnapDrive to manage that LUN. Do not use the CLI to delete, rename, or otherwise manage a LUN created by SnapDrive.

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SnapDrive for Windows

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Other SAN Administration Resources

For more information about SAN administration, see the SAN Administration on Data ONTAP 7.3 course. This advanced course covers: Creating FCP and iSCSI LUNs from the CLI Creating FCP and iSCSI LUNs from SnapDrive with Windows Creating FCP and iSCSI LUNs from SnapDrive with Solaris Configuring Solaris hosts for FCP and iSCSI Configuring Windows hosts for FCP and iSCSI Configuring other hosts, such as Linux, HP-UX, and AIX SAN in a clustered storage system environment SAN performance tuning SAN troubleshooting
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Module Summary
In this module, you should have learned to: A SAN is a Storage Area Network A LUN is a Logical Unit Number The lun setup command and FilerView are common ways to create LUNs iSCSI is a simple but effective protocol to connect to a LUN To access a LUN from a Windows host, use Disk Management SnapDrive creates a LUN and connects to that LUN quickly and securely
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Exercise
Module 11: SAN Estimated Time: 45 minutes

Answers
Module 11: SAN

Check Your Understanding

What are the two protocols NetApp supports in the SAN environment?
FCP iSCSI

What are the functions of a LUN?

Logical representation of storage Configured as a single disk Appear as local disks on the host Managed at the block level

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Check Your Understanding (Cont.)

What are the methods of creating a LUN?
Using the lun create command from a storage system Using the lun setup command from a storage system Using FilerView from a host Using SnapDrive from a host

Why would you use SnapDrive in a SAN environment?

It is integrated with Microsoft Management Console It ensures a consistent LUN Snapshot
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