GROUP III

INFORMATICS

WIRELESS COMMUNICATION AND NETWORKING

Presented by:-

Shraddha Patil Vijayata Pawar

WIRELESS

Any type of electrical or electronic operation accomplished without use of wires Wireless connections use air to connect sending and receiving devices Channel is a division in transmission medium

COMMUNICATION

It is transmission of signals i.e. sending of electromagnetic waves by electronic transmitters

Sending device

ConnectionCommunication Receiving Connection message device channels device device message

s e

WIRELESS COMMUNICATION

Communication networks are generally implemented with some type of remote information transmission system that uses electromagnetic waves Wireless communication may be via: Radio frequency communication Microwave communication Infrared short range communication Wireless modem: It is a modulator-demodulator which enables communication at fastest speeds, typically in bits per second

EARLY WIRELESS WORK

Since World War II, wireless network has been proved to be a boon for globalization Early inventors Alexander Graham Bell, Gaglielmo Marconi and John Logie Baird In 1878, David E Hughes induced electromagnetic waves In 1885, Thomas Alva Edison used a vibrator magnet for induction transmission In 1888, Edison gave system of signals In 1891, Edison attained wireless patent

WIRELESS NETWORKS
Collection of transmitters, receivers or transceivers that communicate with each other is known as wireless network. Types: Digital networks consists routers that route data Analog networks consists switches establishing connections

OTHERS:
LAN Local Area Network MAN Metropolitan Area Network WAN Wide Area Network GSM Global System for Mobile Communications PCS Personal Communication Services Wi-Fi Wireless Fidelity GPRS General Packet Radio Service AMPS- Advanced Mobile Phone System D-AMPS-Digital Advanced Mobile Phone System Canopy- Wide area broadband wireless solution

WIRELESS NETWORK SECURITY

STEPS IN SECURING A WIRELESS NETWORK Change default password, SSID, accessing devices Disable print and file sharing Access points should be arranged which minimize signal leakage Implement and overlay Wireless intrusion prevention system to monitor the wireless spectrum 24*7 against active attacks

WIRELESS TRANSMISSIONS
Electromagnetic Spectrum: more data can be sent per second e.g.,2.4 giga Hz i.e.2.4 billion cycles per second Spectrum span for wireless communication: 9 kHz to 300 GHz

Wireless Signal Extraction

Pulls or extracts data from a wireless carriers network, after the data has been anonymised

APPLICATIONS
1. 2.

3.
4. 5. 6. 7.

CORDLESS TELEPHONE BLUETOOTH Wi-Fi BROADCASTING SECURITY SYSTEMS CELLULAR TELEPHONES TELEVISION REMOTE CONTROLS

Communicates via radio waves with a base station Recently frequency allocated is 1.9GHz band Modern digital technology increases its tolerance to noise and some even encrypt the digital signal for more security

CORDLESS TELEPHONES

BLUETOOTH

It is a radio standard and communications protocol primarily designed for low power consumption, with a short range

class
Class 1 Class 2 Class 3

Maximum permitted power range 100 mw (20 dbm )

2.5 mw ( 4 dbm) mw (0 dbm)

Approximate
~ 100 m ~ 10 m ~1m

DISADVANTAGES

Blue jacking Blue bugging May lead to disclosure of personal data Security flaw makes it possible to crack conversations

GPS (GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM)

GPS receiver to determine its location, speed and direction. GPS receiver calculates its position by measuring distance between itself and three or more GPS satellites, using Trilateration.
Enables

BROADCASTING
Term coined by early radio engineers Broadcasting is distribution of audio, video signals Narrowcasting: broadcasting to a very narrow range of audience

Distribution
MEANS Airchain to transmitters Antenna to tower or through communication satellites

Methods
Audio broadcasting
of audio signal Can be done by AM, FM etc.
Broadcast

Audio-Video broadcasting

Audio

as well as video signals are transmitted

Wi Fi WIRELESS FIEDELITY

Analogous to traditional ethernet network Enables faster connections Better range Better security More spatial capacity i.e. bits per second per square metre

CELLULAR PHONES
Use radiowaves to enable the operator to make phone calls from many locations worldwide.

ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS AND HEALTH HAZARDS

Radiation cause

Poor concentration Memory loss Nausea Premature senility Cancer Malignant tumour Meningeoma

Thermal effects Non thermal effects Genotoxical effects

FUTURE
role in development of technology High speed data transfer Data transfer over large area or distance Eco friendly and non-hazardous ways have to be found out Has to be made more secured
Major