PRESENTING

RESULTS:
Written and Oral
Reports

1
 Written Research Report
 Short report
• For well-defined, limited-scope problems with
straight-forward methodology
• Usually 5 or fewer pages
• Formats
• Findings summary (graphical or tabular)
attached to letter of transmittal
• Business letter
• Internal memorandum
2
 Written Research Report
 Short Report (Memorandum)
• Reason for writing
• Answer direct inquiry with specific
answer and supporting detail
• Expository style with brevity and
directness
• Attach detailed materials as appendices
when needed
3
 Written Research Report
 Long report
• Technical report
• Management report

4
 Long Report Components
 Prefatory Items  Methodology

• Letter of transmittal • Sampling design

• Title page • Research design
• Data collection
• Authorization letter
• Data analysis
• Executive summary
• Limitations
• Table of contents  Conclusions
 Introduction • Summary conclusions
• Problem statement • Recommendations
 Appendices
• Research objectives
 Bibliography
• Background

5
 Written Report Considerations
 Order of report
• Sentence outline
• Topic outline
Comprehensibility
• Readability indices
• Pace
• Tone

6
 Presentation of Statistics
 Textparagraph format
 Semi-tabular format

 Tabular format

 Graphical format

7
 Graphical Formats
 Line graphs
 Area charts

 Pie charts

 Bar charts

 Pictographs/Geo-Graphics

 3-D graphics

8
 Oral Presentations
 Content
 Preparation

• Length • Opening
• Content • Findings and
conclusions
• Style
• Recommendations
• Scripted
• Extemporaneous  Delivery

• Audiovisuals • Vocal characteristics

• Type • Physical
• Role characteristics
9
 Audiovisual Aids
 Chalkboards

 Whiteboards

 Handout materials
 Flip charts

 Slides

 Overhead transparencies

 Computer-drawn visuals

 Computer animation
10