Affective on Adjective Form with Intensive Sense in Javanese Language

Wiwin Erni Siti Nurlina

BALAI BAHASA YOGYAKARTA

PUSAT BAHASA, DEPDIKNAS INDONESIA

1. Introduction

The use of Javanese language has many variations, in daily life, either formally or informally. The variation and differences of the Javanese language also occur on spoken and written language.

One of the variations that will be discussed in this study is forms that state intensive sense (intensity) on adjective. The use of the form occurs on informal spoken Javanese language.

2. Some Related Concepts 2.1. Adjective in Javanese Language Adjective in Javanese Language is a word category that has characteristics as follow: (a) adjective can be added by ke- / - en (keijonen too green) (b) adjective can be superfixation (iju very green) (c) adjective can be compared with the help of the word dhewe (ijo dhewe paling hijau)

2.2. Affective on adjective in Javanese Intensive sense in Javanese is revealed in two forms. They are lexical and affective forms. The lexical form of intensive sense is exemplified in banget very and pol very-very/ super. The affective form occurred in adding and changing phoneme.

The affective form occurred in adding and changing phoneme.

Those phonemes are vocal phonemes that have affective sense. The vocal phoneme has several kinds that are phonetically shown as /i/, / /, /u/. Those phonemes can be put on the first or second syllable or both positions at once. For example, phone /u/ as in luber overflow is added on the second syllable become lubuer overflow; nevertheless, the phone that is added on the first syllable of the first word on the word lirih quiet become luirih very quiet. On the other side, changing its vocal phoneme that is usually positioned on the second syllable can do forming affective sense. For example, vocal /e/ on the word gedhe big is changed with vocal /i/ become gedhi bigger.

3. Affective Adjective forms in Javanese Language

The affective form discussed here is the affective on adjective word that forms monomorphemic (single form), not polymorphemic. The affective of monomorphemic form is classified like this.

(1) Affective on adjective that states form (2) Affective on adjective that states size
(3) Affective on adjective that states feeling (4) Affective on adjective that states mental

(1) Affective on adjective that states form Example: bunder /bundr/ round
a. With changing vocal: bundir /bundir/ round b. With adding vocal on the first syllable: buender/bundr/ very round c. With adding vocal on second syllable: bunduer/bundur/ very round

(2) Affective on adjective that states size Example: cendhek /c nd?/ short
a. With changing vocal: cendhik /c ndi?/ very short b. With adding vocal on the first syllable: cuendhek /cund?/ very short c. With adding vocal on second syllable: cendhuek /cndu?/ very short

(3) Affective on adjective that states feeling: Example: angel /al/ difficult a. With changing vocal: angil /ail/ very difficult b. With adding vocal on the first syllable: uangel /ual/ very difficult c. With adding vocal on second syllable: anguel /aul/ very difficult

(4) Affective on adjective that states mental Example: kendel /kndl/ brave a. With changing vocal: kendil /kndil/ very brave b. With adding vocal on the first syllable: kendel/kundl/ very brave c. With adding vocal on second syllable: kendel/kndul/ very brave

(5) Affective on adjective that states colour Example: abang red a. With changing vocal: abing very red b. With adding vocal on the first syllable: uabang very red c. With adding vocal on second syllable: abuang very red

The intensive sense gradation illustration can be seen on the table as follow: (See on the table)

 5. Closing The explanation above results as follow: 1.This paper is affective description with oral language data 2.The affectivity on this paper is in form and sense 3.Those affectivity are (i) vocal changing and (ii) vocal adding 4.The sense revealed by the affective form has its intensity value gradation

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