Natural Resources Development

Technical Side:
Rock Age to Cyber (information) Age (Hear See Smell / Taste / Feel TV Culture) Comfort & Enjoyment at Finger Tips (not even at Door Steps)

Philosophical Side: (see next slide !!)

* *

* *

Simple Example
Standard Transmission
(Gear-Stick / Clutch Operation) - Mechanical

Auto Transmission
Driver at ease & System becomes complex (More information required) Electric or Electronic

Decision & Management (Coupled with road condition)

More uncertainty ???

How Uncertain WE are

? ?

.?

(1) - Write 5 (FIVE) Characters

(2) Draw a STAR

? . ?

? .

? . ?...

L. A. Zadeh

 Problem: Knowledge Solution: TWO FOLD Promary: To Know The CHARACTER of the WORLD (TRUTH) Reflective: To Know The CHARACTER of the KNOWLEDGE !! Leading to: Possibility of Knowledge & Limits to the knowledge itself i.e.,: What we CAN / CAN NOT What we KNOW / DONT KNOW How we KNOW AT ALL ?
Therefore

WHERE WE STAND NOW

The Problem & The Solution ???

 IN A NOT-SHELL:
Problems are seen in terms of
DECISION MANAGEMENT PREDICTION

Solutions are sought in terms of Faster access to More information Increased aid in analyzing, understanding and utilizing the information and Coping with information that is not (i.e., Uncertainty) Result

Fuzzy Sets and Fuzzy Logic Introduced by Zadeh (1965)

To manipulate non-statistical uncertainties Designed to represent vagueness & Impression Provides Inference Morphology to enable approximate HUMAN THINKING & REASONING capabilities to be applied to KNOWLEDGE-BASED SYTEMS Everything is a matter of Degree Collection of ELASTIC CONSTRAINTS on Variables Any logical system can be fuzzified

The Beginnings
Aristotle: Laws of THOUGHT
Laws of Excluded Middle & Non Contradiction

Parminedes: First version of these laws (400 BC)

Heraclitus: A thing could be simultaneously TRUE & NOT TRUE

Plato: Indicated THIRD region Possible and derived Infinite valued Logic Lukasiewicz, Knuth and others followed.

Simple Examples
t Close to 1:

 Car Cheap

Fuzzy Operations

Crisp Set Theory: Law of Excluded Middle:

Law of Non Contradiction:

Other Important Properties of Binary Relations

Operations on Fuzzy Relations

Intersection of R & S

Union of R & S

Consider A CLASICAL RELATION R on R

Multi Objective Problem

Solution Techniques

Value or Utility Based

Distance Based

Outranking Type

Direction Based (Interactive Dynamic)

Mixed Type

Models

Multi Objective Er1 Cr1 Ar1 Er2 Cr2 Ar2 . Ern

.Crk
.Arm

E21
C21

E22
C22

. E2n
.C2k

E21
C21

E22
C22

. E2n
.C2k

A21
E11 C11 A11 E12 C12 A12

A22
. E1n .C1k .A1m

.A2m

A21

A22
E11 C11 A11

.A2m
E12 C12 A12 . E1n .C1k .A1m

Methodology
1. Fuzzy Number

2. Membership Function

Graphical Representation of a Fuzzy Number

Fuzzy Weight