E Governance in BANGLADESH To Fight Corruption S A AHSAN RAJON

Implementation of E-Governance:
Only Way to Build a Corruption-Free

Bangladesh
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING DISCIPLINE,
KHULNA UNIVERSITY, KHULNA.
AND
SK. ALI ZAMAN

TMRAFM, KHULNA.
11th INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER AND

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (ICCIT 2008), KUET, KHULNA.
INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION
Present century is the age of Information and
Communication Technology.
The prime concern of this decade is to establish and
ensure a better way of management, communication and
development with the use of information and information
oriented services.
Crossing the boundary of personal computations and
communications, the uses of digital media for greater
levels of management has been initialized early in the
century.
E-Governance may simply be considered as an extension of
this trade.
2 Implementation of E-Governance: Only Way to Build a ICCIT’ 2008

November
November 14,
14, 2009
2009 Corruption-Free Bangladesh KUET, KHULNA.
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION
With the enhanced facilities of information and
communication technology (ICT) for providing smart and
easy living by means of Ubiquitous computing and other
sophisticated technologies, e-Governance which too is a
great gift of computer and ICT has become a prime
demand in the world for ensuring transparency,
effectiveness, accountability and efficiency throughout
the various sectors of government including decision-
making, public policy building, access to information
etc.

November
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14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
OUR
OUR CONTRIBUTIONS
CONTRIBUTIONS
Focuses on various aspects of implementing e-governance in
developing countries like Bangladesh.
We present a comparative analysis of traditional government

architecture and the prospects and problems of implementing
e-governance in Bangladesh emphasizing on the usage and
effectiveness of e-governance to eradicate corruption from
various sectors of governance.

November
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14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
OUR
OUR CONTRIBUTIONS
CONTRIBUTIONS
Especially present the adaptability of e-governance in the
prime sectors of government and provide a methodical study
on the strategies of involving mass people in the governance
process improving information and service delivery with their
participation in overall decision-making.
decision-making
The potential to ensure highest level of transparency in
all the sectors of government through the
implementation of e-governance is also presented in
this paper.
Moreover, we provide specific recommendations for
implementing the e-governance in the most effective
and efficient manner.

November
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14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
PRESENTATION
PRESENTATION OVERVIEW
OVERVIEW
E-GOVERNANCE
CURRENT ICT INFRASTRUCTURE OF BANGLADESH
E-Governance: Scope and Potential to Fight Corruption
 E-Governance in Central Government Process
 E-Governance in Public Administration
 E-Governance in Education Sector
 E-Governance in Judiciary
 E-Governance in Economy
 E-Governance in Agriculture
 E-Governance in Bidding
 E-Governance in Other Sectors
Proposed Approach for Implementing E-Governance in Bangladesh
 Stage-Setting Steps for Establishing E-Governance
 Analyzing the sectors for Implementing E-governance
 Framework for Implementing E-Governance
 Design issues for implementing e-governance
 Communicating E-governance
 Support for implementing E-Governance
 Post-Implementation Issues for adapting e-governance
E-GOVERNANCE TO M-GOVERNANCE: THE JOURNEY BEGINS

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14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
E-GOVERNANCE
E-GOVERNANCE

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14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
E-GOVERNANCE
E-GOVERNANCE
A number of definitions of e-Governance exist
emphasizing on specific activities and functionalities.
E-government and e-democracy are the mostly adapted

criteria for defining e-Governance.
e-Democracy
The term e-Democracy refers to the processes and
structures that encompass all forms of electronic
interactions between the government and the citizens
in terms of information coverage and decision-making.
November
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14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
E-GOVERNANCE
E-GOVERNANCE (contd.)
(contd.)
E-GOVERNMENT
E-Government is a form of e-business in governance and
refers to the processes and structures needed to deliver
electronic services to the public (citizens and
businesses), collaborate with business partners and to
conduct electronic transactions within an organizational
entity.

November
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14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
E-GOVERNANCE
E-GOVERNANCE (contd.)
(contd.)
E-GOVERNANCE
Taking the above two into concern, e-Governance is
defined as
 the application of electronic means to improve the

interactions between government and citizens and
government and business as well as
 to employ electronic means in internal government

operations to simplify and improve democratic
government and business aspects of government with the
primary goal of boosting administrative efficiency.

November
November 14,
14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
E-GOVERNANCE
E-GOVERNANCE DEFINED
DEFINED
In a very short span, we may define e-Governance as
 process of adapting electronic means in possible sectors
and stages of government
 to ensure legitimate mass-access of administrative and
service oriented information
 with the potential to establish transparency and
accountability of government activities and maximum
service
 by redesigning and redistributing the

administrative and operating system of
government.

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November 14,
14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
E-GOVERNANCE
DEFINED (contd.)
(contd.)
E-Governance doesn’t only mean to have a website in the

internet rather to provide online services and information
that increase mass-participation in decision making,
accountability of the authority, transparency of affairs
involving public interests and domestic concerns.
Though a good milestone towards establishing e-

government has been made in the USA, Europe and other
developed westernized countries such as Australia,
Singapore, Canada, the developing countries too, are
putting steps for implementing e-Governance in various
sectors with a number of limitations, challenges and
debates.
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14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
E-GOVERNANCE
DEFINED (contd.)
(contd.)
The prime objective of e-Governance is essentially to

 ensure good governance and
 strengthening democratic process
 providing equal access to information,
 establishing freedom of constructive expression,
 Ensuring greater equity,
 service efficiency,
 stable rapid economic growth and
 social inclusion.
 And all through electronic means..

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14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
Current
Current ICT
ICT Infrastructure
Infrastructure of
of
Bangladesh
Bangladesh

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14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
Current
Current ICT
ICT Infrastructure
Infrastructure of
of Bangladesh
Bangladesh (contd.)
(contd.)
Bangladesh, a small developing country with enormous

prospects realizes the importance of implementing e-
governance in Bangladesh. However, because of its financial
backwardness and the ill-fate of being affected by natural
disasters frequently, it is still now in the initializing step of
implementing e-Governance

November
November 14,
14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
Current
Current ICT
ICT Infrastructure
Infrastructure of
of Bangladesh
Bangladesh (contd.)
(contd.)
It is evident that, the implementation of e-Governance

in Bangladesh is not so an easy task.
In Bangladesh ICT has been declared as the thrust

sector. In e-Governance introducing step, a number of
ministries, have already presented their websites.
websites
To provide quicker service, Bangladesh government has

already made a number of forms available through
internet,
internet which is really an appreciable step towards
implementing e-Governance

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14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
Current
Current ICT
ICT Infrastructure
Infrastructure of
of Bangladesh
Bangladesh (contd.)
(contd.)
Government WebSite Statistics(Ministry)

Statistics of the
websites of 45 35 33
various 40
Number of Ministries
35
government 30
organizations in 25
20
Bangladesh. 15 5 7
10
5
0
Bangla Interface Available

Bangla Interface Unavailable
Websites regularly Updated
Websites not regularly Updated

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November 14,
14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
Current
Current ICT
ICT Infrastructure
Infrastructure of
of Bangladesh
Bangladesh (contd.)
(contd.)
The budget-
93959 93643
statistics for 95000
promoting the ICT
Bangladeshi Taka (in Lakh)

93000
Sector for e-
Governance 91000
capacity building is 89000

87737
also mentionable
87000
85000
2004-2005 2005-2006 2006-2007
Fiscal Year

November
November 14,
14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
Current
Current ICT
ICT Infrastructure
Infrastructure of
of Bangladesh
Bangladesh (contd.)
(contd.)
Hope for a glittering future…
Cellular Phone has revolutionized the telecommunication

infrastructure in Bangladesh.
It is really amazing that, since 1989; especially within the

last decade, mobile phone service has provided about fifty
million people with telecommunication services resulting a
tele-density of 23.3%.

November
November 14,
14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
Current
Current ICT
ICT Infrastructure
Infrastructure of
of Bangladesh
Bangladesh (contd.)
(contd.)
Telecommunication T ELE C OM . STA TUS OF B A NGLA DESH

35,000,000
Status of
TOTAL NUMBER OF MOBILE

30,000,000
Bangladesh.
25,000,000
SUBSCRIBER
20,000,000
15,000,000
10,000,000
5,000,000
03
05
06
01
02
04
07
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
YEAR
T OT A L M OB ILE P HONE SUB SC R IB ER

November
November 14,
14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
Current
Current ICT
ICT Infrastructure
Infrastructure of
of Bangladesh
Bangladesh (contd.)
(contd.)
As mobile communication has got a massive use, it may

be an effective way to utilize mobile phone oriented
services in awareness building for establishing e-
governance.
governance
In governmental decision making processes and

providing essential administrative information we may
use cellular phones both in voice and text
communication services.
Various service-oriented information may also be

communicated to all levels of people through mobile
communication.
November
November 14,
14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
Current
Current ICT
ICT Infrastructure
Infrastructure of
of Bangladesh
Bangladesh (contd.)
(contd.)
The means of seeking services to the government by the

citizens may also be ensured through mobile phones.
Various add-on services like internet facility using

mobile phone mobilizes the process of implementing e-
Governance in Bangladesh.
It is necessary to mention here that, from the

perspective of Bangladesh m-Governance may be
considered as the prime media or gateway of
implementing e-Governance.

November
November 14,
14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
E-Governance:
E-Governance: Scope
Scope and
and
Potential
Potential to
to Fight
Fight Corruption
Corruption

November
November 14,
14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
E-Governance:
E-Governance: Scope
Scope and
and Potential
Potential to
to
Fight
Fight Corruption
Corruption
The total world, especially the developing countries are
in a great challenge to fight corruption that has got rise
because of
 improper administrative transparency,
 lack of accountability and
 absence of monitoring processes.
The fundamental rights of the citizens are also been

suppressed due to manual paper-based administrative
system.

November
November 14,
14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
E-Governance
E-Governance in
in Prime
Prime Government
Government
Process
Process
Government must provide legitimate information on
public issues through electronic communications.
Major decisions may be taken by conducting online-

surveys as well as traditional surveys.
This availability of information is a great aspect in

establishing accountability and transparency.

November
November 14,
14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
E-Governance
E-Governance in
in Prime
Prime Government
Government
Process
Process
Publishing accurate fiscal statistics may be the easiest
way of restricting corruption in financial sectors, though
a number of doubts exist in this concern.
Sadly speaking, the constitution and even the basic

documents stating public laws are still now not available
to the citizens of Bangladesh.
 Without providing electronic means, it is not at all
possible to make these documents available.

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November 14,
14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
E-Governance
E-Governance in
in Public
Public Administration
Administration
Often public demand management process is biased and
due to corruption, the implementation of development
activities derived from public demand are not
completely and accurately performed.
Even allegations from citizens regarding the corruption
issues do not reach to proper authority.
That is, due to the intermediate authority,
authority public
concerns are often disregarded.
disregarded
 Implementing e-covernance and e-communication
may at least echo the public voices to the supreme
authority for considerations.

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November 14,
14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
E-Governance
E-Governance in
in Education
Education Sector
Sector
Education, which is the backbone of a nation, is often
fatally pointed as a corrupted sector.
sector
As, education is the fundamental need, a major portion
of budget is spent in development of this sector. But,
the history sadly says that, a major portion of this
budget often goes into the pocket of some corrupted
personnel.
personnel
Unnecessary and ill-motivated delay in granting various
scholarships of the students, meaninglessly harassing
the teachers in granting remunerations and other bills
are some common objections of the concerned parties.

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S. A. AHSAN RAJON
E-Governance
E-Governance in
in Education
Education Sector
Sector (contd.)
(contd.)
The absence of monitoring in application and

implementation is one of the reasons behind these,
which may be partially eradicated by providing the
information regarding distribution of funds and other
operational and statistical data over public domains.
The debates that often arise in modifying the
curriculum may also be solved by integrating the facility
of providing public remarks through electronic means
before taking final steps of curriculum specification.
Publishing the results of public examinations has
established a well suited means of automatic
verification and hence ensured greater transparency.
November
November 14,
14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
E-Governance
E-Governance in
in Judiciary
Judiciary
Solely administration or solely Judiciary may never
ensure a sound running of government.
It is must to have proper co-ordination and respect
between the parts.
It is note-worthy that the independent judiciary is
taking initiatives to redesign judiciary with electronic
aspects for minimizing time-consumption and bringing
efficiency .
Still now, there is a lot of scope of ensuring
transparency in judiciary by making each step clear to
the citizens, which is of no doubt, echoes e-governance

November
November 14,
14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
E-Governance
E-Governance in
in Economy
Economy
The Economy of Bangladesh has faced a lot of
difficulties because of corruption.
The lack of efforts and weak policy of maintenance
with absence of accountability has wasted the major
amounts of annual budget.
Denying public interest, often biased political decisions
has been implemented,
implemented that has simply resulted in
weakened economical structure.
structure
 But, an effective feasibility study maintaining overall

robust system analysis and design would demonstrate
acceptable and fruitful sectors of economical interest.
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November 14,
14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
E-Governance
E-Governance in
in Agriculture
Agriculture
Being an agricultural country, Bangladesh should
emphasize on enhanced and productive agriculture.
agriculture
Because of the alarming livestock crisis, the whole

world is now facing a great challenge regarding the
arrangement of food.
food
Price hike is the hottest concern all over the world. The
middlemen-ship is also a resultant of poor-governance.
poor-governance

November
November 14,
14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
E-Governance
E-Governance in
in Agriculture
Agriculture (contd.)
(contd.)
In such a situation, if we fail to implement enhanced

mechanisms of achieving maximal production, the
overall existence may be extremely threatened.
This enhanced mechanism includes the tasks of making

the most fruitful technology available to the users,
users
making the basic operational information available to
the agriculturists in the shortest possible time.
This dissemination of essential information including

market demand-supply analysis is only effectively and
efficiently possible through implementation of e-
governance
November
November 14,
14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
E-Governance
E-Governance in
in Agriculture
Agriculture(contd.)
(contd.)
E-agriculture focuses on agriculture informatics, agricultural

development and entrepreneurship and provides the agri-
services through internet and related technologies.
Moreover, if various subsidies on agriculture are provided

through internet making all the steps monitorable for public,
public
transparency may be achieved at the highest level saying a
goodbye to corruption.

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November 14,
14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
E-Governance
E-Governance in
in Agriculture
Agriculture (contd.)
(contd.)
This achievement may also bring a horizon in e-marketing or

e-commerce attracting the investors of both home and
abroad which may enlarge the scope of the growth of
economy.
Effective study regarding the positive impact of implementing
e-agriculture is provided by FAO.
It is now essential for developing countries like ours to
present their agricultural products in the world market
effectively,
effectively which is only possible by adapting e-governance
and e-commerce.

November
November 14,
14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
E-Governance
E-Governance in
in Bidding
Bidding
The dreadful hostile occurrences regarding bidding often
costs of valuable lives, which is about a regular headline in
the pages of newspapers.
The stretch of corruption in analysis and selection process is
well known to all.
But e-governance may facilitate both the parties by
transforming the overall process into an electronic system.
If from the invitation of tenders to selecting the best offer, e-
governance is employed, the interested parties may get rid
from the threats of miscreants in the tender collection and
submission process as well as the selection and rejection
process may be free and fair.

November
November 14,
14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
E-Governance
E-Governance in
in Other
Other Sectors
Sectors
A number of scopes untouched….
Land and Property Management

 Providing a dynamic internet application stating aspects
of lands like information regarding proprietary, statistics
of the amount of land, map or related statistics describing
the perfect and accurate condition of land area may
prevent all types of corruptions in this sector. Public
safety may also be established in this way.

November
November 14,
14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
E-Governance
E-Governance in
in Other
Other Sectors
Sectors (contd.)
(contd.)
E-governance In Election Process

 In the election process, which is basically the most
important affair for founding a good-governance and
sound-democracy, e-governance may facilitate a lot by
providing accurate and un-tampered information
regarding the candidates.
 If information regarding criminals, smugglers, loan-

infringers, tax-hoaxers is made available through the e-
governance supporting processes of law-and order
enforcing organizations and other concerned authorities,
at least it would be possible to present the real and
internal characteristics of the candidates before the
citizens to help them in correct and accurate decision
making.
November
November 14,
14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
E-Governance
E-Governance in
in Other
Other Sectors
Sectors (contd.)
(contd.)
It is necessary to mention here that, only installation of

computers or having a web-site doesn’t mean e-
governance.
It may only be ensured when,
 the legitimate tasks and affairs is made available through
internet
 people are accepted to access information regarding
those
 proper facility of providing constructive remarks is
integrated ensuring participation of citizens in decision
making and policy building activities.

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14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
E-Governance
E-Governance in
in Other
Other Sectors
Sectors (contd.)
(contd.)
Thus Citizen Information System i.e. e-governance may

change the appearance of the whole country giving a
new dimension in democracy.
There is no way left of getting relief from the hassle in
getting citizen-services from government without
implementing e-governance.

November
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S. A. AHSAN RAJON
Proposed
Proposed Approach
Approach for
for
Implementing
Implementing E-Governance
E-Governance in
in
Bangladesh
Bangladesh

November
November 14,
14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
Proposed
Proposed Approach
Approach for
for Implementing
Implementing E-
E-
Governance
Governance in
in Bangladesh
Bangladesh
There is no feasible and optimal way of fighting the
corruption without adapting, implementing and
establishing e-governance in Bangladesh.
But how ????

November
November 14,
14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
Stage-Setting
Stage-Setting Steps
Steps for
for Establishing
Establishing E-
E-
Governance
Governance
Must have proper infrastructure.
Infrastructure support must be affordable and effective
for the country.
The main logic that the pessimists present is the lack of
power and unavailability of computers.

November
November 14,
14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
Stage-Setting
Stage-Setting Steps
Steps for
for Establishing
Establishing E-
E-
Governance
Governance
But-
 In order to establish internet facility, we may employ
Broadband over Power Line Communication (BPLC) [1], [7]
strategies, as the most available infrastructure is electricity in
comparison with teledensity.
 Most schools are now equipped with computers.
__________________________________
Dr. Md. Abdul Mottalib, Sheikh Faridul Hasan, Syed Khairuzzaman Tanbeer, "BPLC:
Proposed Approach to Implement E-governance in Remote Areas of Developing
Countries",
Countries International Academy of CIO (IAC), Japan, 2006.
S. A. Ahsan Rajon, "Broadband Over Power Line Communication : Prospects and
Problems in the Context of Bangladesh ", Proceedings of International
Conference on Electronics, Computer and Communication, Rajshahi, Bangladesh,
June 2008.

November
November 14,
14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
Stage-Setting
Stage-Setting Steps
Steps for
for Establishing
Establishing E-
E-
Governance
Governance
It is true that, Bangladesh has already joined in the
information super highway, the establishment of total
fiber-optic based ICT-infrastructure requires a large
amount of time as well as subject to huge expense.
But, it may be the fastest and most cost effective to

establish Broadband over Power Line Communication
because the maximum infrastructure already exists.
exists

November
November 14,
14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
Stage-Setting
Stage-Setting Steps
Steps for
for Establishing
Establishing E-
E-
Governance
Governance
With the carriage of electricity, megabits of data per
second can be carried through the traditional fifty hertz
power lines.
As the prime requirement of e-governance resides on

the availability of internet in all the sectors and levels
of a country, the use of power line may be the most
feasible solution because of its maximum spread in
comparison with telephone lines or even cable
television line.

November
November 14,
14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
Stage-Setting
Stage-Setting Steps
Steps for
for Establishing
Establishing E-
E-
Governance
Governance
Majority of the total people of Bangladesh live in the
villages.
Therefore, all the policies should must consider the
socio economic aspects of the village people.
Consequently, the only means to reach at the door of
the village people with the boon of e-governance at the
highest level is to use power line communication (PLC).

November
November 14,
14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
Stage-Setting
Stage-Setting Steps
Steps for
for Establishing
Establishing E-
E-
Governance
Governance
Teledensity and
100 89.3
electrification
90 75.82
status of 80
Bangladesh. 70
Area Coverage
60
50 39.36
Dr. Md. Abdul Mottalib, 40
Sheikh Faridul Hasan, Syed 22.25
30
Khairuzzaman Tanbeer,
20
"BPLC: Proposed Approach 3.15
10 0.75
to Implement E-governance
in Remote Areas of 0
Village Thana City
Developing Countries",
Digital Telephone Line Electrified
International Academy of
CIO (IAC), Japan, June 26,
2006

November
November 14,
14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
Stage-Setting
Stage-Setting Steps
Steps for
for Establishing
Establishing E-
E-
Governance
Governance
In this stage-setting step, we also intend to emphasize
on awareness building.
building
E-governance is aimed for good-governance, and this
good-governance is aimed for the social, political,
economical that is overall uplift of the citizens. This
necessity and functionality of e-governance should be
communicated to the people so that they may realize
and evaluate e-governance. situations.

November
November 14,
14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
Analyzing
Analyzing the
the sectors
sectors for
for
Implementing
Implementing E-governance
E-governance
Essential for Bangladesh to implement e-governance
hierarchically.
hierarchically
Prioritize the sectors in terms of effectiveness, functionality
and liability of providing services.
Failure to identify the priority sectors may jeopardize the
total scheme of implementation of e-governance.
This prioritization process should also consider the
interdependence and intercommunication among various
service-providing sectors for ensuring a consistent, functional
and effective analysis to implement –e-governance.

November
November 14,
14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
Framework
Framework for
for Implementing
Implementing E-
E-
Governance
Governance
One of the main issues for implementing e-governance in
developing countries is expense.
The huge expense (!) of implementing e-governance often

turns the e-governance implementation project into an
abandoned one.
But, this may be easily handled by involving universities and
other organizations in implementation process.
The universities and other ICT related organizations may
provide major support by providing their experienced IT-
experts and concerned human resource.
This may also bring a new dimension of research in the
organizations.
November
November 14,
14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
Design
Design issues
issues for
for implementing
implementing e-
e-
governance
governance
The design and implementation of e-governance should
must take the social, economical and educational issues
into concern.
concern
The adaptability and effectiveness of the e-governance
depends mainly on the citizens, as they are the
stakeholders of e-governance.
It should be taken into consideration that, the first
language of Bangladesh is Bengali.
So that, it would be most effective to ensure the use of
Bengali in implementation of e-governance for
conveying information.
information

November
November 14,
14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
Design
Design issues
issues for
for implementing
implementing e-
e-
governance
governance
The use of Unicode in representation of Bengali text is
also expected to facilitate uniform and massively
accessible platform.
The integration of the facility to provide comments and
other information through internet may guarantee the
participation of citizens in decision-making and various
multidimensional service-oriented processes which is
only possible through Bengali.
We propose to use a Phonetic based encoding scheme
for obtaining the information from the concerned
parties.

November
November 14,
14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
Design
Design issues
issues for
for implementing
implementing e-
e-
governance
governance
Keyboard mapping
less and Phonetic
based approach for
online Bengali-
Unicoded text
composition.

November
November 14,
14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
Design
Design issues
issues for
for implementing
implementing e-
e-
governance
governance
E-Governance is a large-scale activity which requires
large scale data warehouses to be implemented.
For faster, reliable and consistent database applications

regarding development of e-governance, distributed
database management may be the most effective.
It is also necessary to consider WAP-support for all

levels of design and development of services relating e-
governance.

November
November 14,
14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
Communicating
Communicating E-governance
E-governance
E-Governance is dedicated to establish the participation
of the citizens in decision-making, policy building,
objective selection and quickest service delivery
fostering good governance in corruption-free and
progress and success-oriented environment.
This goal can only be achieved if people are informed

about the sectors and services of e-governance.

November
November 14,
14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
Communicating
E-governance
This communication can be made using traditional
communication medias. SMS may be an effective
approach in communicating the adaptation of e-
governance in various sectors.
Providing citizen-incentive lucrative facilities and

services electronically through e-governance may bring
rapid attention of the citizens.

November
November 14,
14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
Communicating
E-governance
The only feasible as well as optimal solution is to
arrange the total infrastructure combining both public
and private sectors with the use of existing resources.
As, in most areas, including rural areas we have

secondary schools or madrasas and within the last few
years government with the help of various non-
governmental sources has already distributed
computers and computer peripherals, we may use these
schools or madrasas as a information center or service
point for facilitating the citizens to have free access to
e-governance.

November
November 14,
14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
Communicating
E-governance
Basic awareness building may also be motivated from
these centers. Besides these, distinct and sophisticated
Information Centers equipped with IT-peripherals and
support personnel may be established for providing e-
governance support

November
November 14,
14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
Post-Implementation
Post-Implementation Issues
Issues for
for
adapting
adapting e-governance
e-governance
System development and awareness building is not the
bottom line of adapting e-governance.
In order to prevent data from ill-motivated tampering

and ensuring transparent and accurate management of
the e-governance system some authority with required
administrative power should be provided.

November
November 14,
14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
E-Governance
E-Governance to
to M-Governance:
M-Governance:
The
The Journey
Journey Begins
Begins

November
November 14,
14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
E-Governance
E-Governance to
to M-Governance:
M-Governance: The
The
Journey
Journey Begins
Begins
The increase of mobile communication in Bangladesh
has made a silent revolution in all the sectors.
The spread of the networks has now reached even into
the extreme-rural areas.
As, people are now more flexible with mobile oriented
services, the adoption of m-governance which is to
some sense a bridge between e-governance and mobile
communication with the use of WAP or SMS.

November
November 14,
14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
E-Governance
E-Governance to
to M-Governance:
M-Governance: The
The
Journey
Journey Begins
Begins
M-Governance is also a great concern because of its
extreme growth, availability and flexibility.
Considering mobiles as a communication tool for all
types of service-request and information possessing
from citizens may mobilize the e-governance process.

November
November 14,
14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
CONCLUDING
CONCLUDING WORDS
WORDS

November
November 14,
14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
CONCLUSION
CONCLUSION
In this paper, we have presented an overview on the
sectors for adapting e-governance from the point of
view of the democratic governance in Bangladesh.
Bangladesh
We also describe the specific issues of corruption in
various government sectors and have provided the
feasibility study for reducing corruption from the
corresponding sectors by adapting e-governance.
The overall analysis on the usefulness and effectiveness
to establish e-Government,
e-Government e-Administration and e-
Democracy in the form of e-Governance has been
elaborately provided here

November
November 14,
14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
CONCLUSION
CONCLUSION
A detailed approach for implementing e-governance has
also been presented in this paper.
We also provide specific recommendations for
designing, developing and managing the e-governance
system in Bangladesh.
The implementation of e-Governance is the only way
left to uplift the country into a corruption-free
developed nation.

November
November 14,
14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
HOPE
HOPE FOR
FOR A
A NEW
NEW BANGLADESH….
BANGLADESH….
UPTO
UPTO YOUR
YOUR DREAM…
DREAM…

November
November 14,
14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON
THANK YOU…

November
November 14,
14, 2009
S. A. AHSAN RAJON

E Governance in BANGLADESH To Fight Corruption S A AHSAN RAJON

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E Governance in BANGLADESH To Fight Corruption S A AHSAN RAJON

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Implementation of E-Governance:

Only Way to Build a Corruption-Free

SK. ALI ZAMAN

11th INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER AND

2 Implementation of E-Governance: Only Way to Build a ICCIT’ 2008

3 Implementation of E-Governance: Only Way to Build a ICCIT’ 2008

We present a comparative analysis of traditional government

4 Implementation of E-Governance: Only Way to Build a ICCIT’ 2008

5 Implementation of E-Governance: Only Way to Build a ICCIT’ 2008

6 Implementation of E-Governance: Only Way to Build a ICCIT’ 2008

7 Implementation of E-Governance: Only Way to Build a ICCIT’ 2008

E-government and e-democracy are the mostly adapted

9 Implementation of E-Governance: Only Way to Build a ICCIT’ 2008

 the application of electronic means to improve the

 to employ electronic means in internal government

10 Implementation of E-Governance: Only Way to Build a ICCIT’ 2008

 by redesigning and redistributing the

11 Implementation of E-Governance: Only Way to Build a ICCIT’ 2008

E-Governance doesn’t only mean to have a website in the

Though a good milestone towards establishing e-

The prime objective of e-Governance is essentially to

 And all through electronic means..

13 Implementation of E-Governance: Only Way to Build a ICCIT’ 2008

14 Implementation of E-Governance: Only Way to Build a ICCIT’ 2008

Bangladesh, a small developing country with enormous

15 Implementation of E-Governance: Only Way to Build a ICCIT’ 2008

It is evident that, the implementation of e-Governance

In Bangladesh ICT has been declared as the thrust

To provide quicker service, Bangladesh government has

16 Implementation of E-Governance: Only Way to Build a ICCIT’ 2008

Government WebSite Statistics(Ministry)

Bangla Interface Available

17 Implementation of E-Governance: Only Way to Build a ICCIT’ 2008

promoting the ICT

Bangladeshi Taka (in Lakh)

capacity building is 89000

18 Implementation of E-Governance: Only Way to Build a ICCIT’ 2008

Hope for a glittering future…

Cellular Phone has revolutionized the telecommunication

It is really amazing that, since 1989; especially within the

19 Implementation of E-Governance: Only Way to Build a ICCIT’ 2008

Telecommunication T ELE C OM . STA TUS OF B A NGLA DESH

TOTAL NUMBER OF MOBILE

20 Implementation of E-Governance: Only Way to Build a ICCIT’ 2008

As mobile communication has got a massive use, it may

In governmental decision making processes and

Various service-oriented information may also be

The means of seeking services to the government by the

Various add-on services like internet facility using

It is necessary to mention here that, from the

22 Implementation of E-Governance: Only Way to Build a ICCIT’ 2008

23 Implementation of E-Governance: Only Way to Build a ICCIT’ 2008

The fundamental rights of the citizens are also been

24 Implementation of E-Governance: Only Way to Build a ICCIT’ 2008

Major decisions may be taken by conducting online-

This availability of information is a great aspect in

25 Implementation of E-Governance: Only Way to Build a ICCIT’ 2008

Sadly speaking, the constitution and even the basic

26 Implementation of E-Governance: Only Way to Build a ICCIT’ 2008

27 Implementation of E-Governance: Only Way to Build a ICCIT’ 2008

28 Implementation of E-Governance: Only Way to Build a ICCIT’ 2008

The absence of monitoring in application and

30 Implementation of E-Governance: Only Way to Build a ICCIT’ 2008