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\
|
+ =
B
x
K K
h
h
1
2
3
o
h
h h
U 6
dx
dp
q =
U
h
1
h
h
2
X
Z
Let
or
, therefore
The expression for pressure gradient was derived earlier as
Where p is the pressure
q is the coefficient of dynamic
viscosity
h
o
is the separation distance at max.
pressure
U is the velocity of the bottom
surface
Top surface is stationary
2
2 1
h
h h
K
=
Making the equation non-dimensional
3
2
3
2 2
) / 1 (
) / 1 (
6
h B Kx K
h B Kx K h
U
dx
dp
+
+
= q
3 2
2
2
) / 1 ( ) / 1 ( 6 B Kx K
Adx
B Kx K
dx
dp
U
h
+
+
=
q
Let A = h
o
/h
2
such that h
o
= Ah
2
Substituting this and the value of h in terms of x we get
On rearranging we get:
Let x* = x/B, a dimensionless length, so that
*
3 * 2 *
*
2
2
) 1 ( ) 1 ( 6
dx
Kx K
A
Kx K
dx
dp
U
h
+
+
=
q
Pressure distribution equation
) 12 ...( dx
) Kx K 1 (
A
) Kx K 1 (
dx
dp
*
3 * 2 *
*
*
+
+
=
Now h
2
2
/UqB has the dimensions of (pressure)
-1
so it is possible to
write (h
2
2
/6UqB)p as p*, the non-dimensional pressure. The equation
therefore becomes
This is Reynolds equation in non-dimensional form applied to
inclined pads. Integration gives the pressure distribution. On
integration we get:
) 13 ...( C
) Kx K 1 (
A
) Kx K 1 (
dx
p
2 * *
*
*
+
+
+
=
Applying boundary conditions
C
) Kx K 1 (
A
) Kx K 1 (
dx
p
2 * *
*
*
+
+
+
=
A and C are constants of integration. In order to evaluate them the value of
pressure is required at two specific positions. This, in the case of a pad, is
taken as the ambient pressure at the leading and trailing edges, where the
pressure curve starts and stops. These pressures are usually considered as
zero. Therefore the conditions are:
p = 0 at x = 0, and x = B
Non-dimensionalizing we get, p* = 0 at x* = 0 and x* = 1 (since x* = x/B)
First putting p* = 0 at x* = 0, we get:
C
) K 1 ( K 2
A
) K 1 ( K
1
0
2
+
+
+
=
Obtaining the constants of integration
C
K 2
A
K
1
0 + =
K 2
) K 1 ( 2
A
+
+
=
) K 2 ( K
1
C
+
=
Then putting p* = 0 at x* = 1, we get:
The above two equations can be solved to give:
and
Thus:
)
`
+
+
+
+
+
+
=
2 * *
*
) Kx K 1 (
K 1
) Kx K 1 (
K 2
1
) K 2 ( K
1
p
Which can be simplified to give:
) 14 ...(
) K 2 ( ) Kx K 1 (
) x 1 ( Kx
p
2 *
* *
*
+ +
=
Maximum pressure
) 2 (
) 1 ( 2
2
K
K
A
h
h
o
+
+
= =
*
o
o
x
K 2
K 1
B
x
=
+
+
=
The max. dimensionless pressure p
o
* occurs when dp/dx =
0, h = h
o
, and x = x
o.
Now,
Therefore
and
) K 2 )( K 1 ( 4
K
p
*
o
+ +
=
Integration of the pressure across the bearing gives the load carried per unit
length, W/L
So which can be defined as the non-
dimensional load W*.
Thus
Which reduces to
Load carried
*
B
0
1
0
*
2
'
o
2
dx p
h
B U 6
pdx
L
W
} }
q
= =
}
=
1
0
* *
2
2
2
6
.
dx p
L B U
h W
q
|
.
|
\
|
+
+
=
K 2
2
K
) K 1 ( log
K
1
W
e
*
1
0
*
* 2
*
e
2
*
x
) K 2 ( K
) K 1 (
) Kx K 1 )( K 2 ( K
) Kx K 1 ( log
K
K
1
W
+
+
+ +
=
(as x* = x/B)
Tilting pad bearing- expression for load
2
2
2
*
.
6
/
B
h
U
L W
W
q
=
L W
U
W
B
h
/
) 6 (
2 *
2
q
=
Now
Therefore
) 14 ...(
/ 2
2 ) 1 ( log 6
2 / 1
2
L W
U
K K
K
K B
h
e
q
)
`
|
.
|
\
|
+
+
=
This equation was first derived by Reynolds for a fixed
inclined surface
Height variation with pivot point
The ratio h
1
/h
2
= (1+K) is determined by the position of the
pivot point
Velocity U
h
1
h
h
2
X
Z
Pivot point
Upper pad rotates around the pivot point
The position of the pivot
point is found by taking
moments about the
leading edge.
For stability it should be
at the center of pressure
x