IMPACT OF IMMIGRATION ON THE USA

Political impact. Ethnic Backgrounds Economic impact.

Racial tension and discrimination

Prohibition? Rowe p 25

WASPS? Rowe - 24

COLLECT!!
Why did so many people migrate America after 1900? (12mks)

IMPACT OF IMMIGRATION - RECAP

Ethnic Backgrounds
DID NOT ASSIMILATE. STAYED IN CITIES IN ETHNIC GHETTOS. ATTRACTED BY JOBS AND WAGES

Economic impact.
CHEAP LABOUR FOR FACTORIES. LITTLE EMPLOYMENT LAW. URBAN GROWTH DUE TO IMMIGRATION. ACCEPT LOW PAY. TENSION BETWEEN IMMIGRANTS AND LOCAL BORN AMERICANS. 1/3 OF URBAN POPULATION = IMMIGRANTS AND ANOTHER 1/3 = CHILDREN OF IMMIGRANTS

 Political impact.

IMMIGRANTS HAVE NO POLITICAL EXPERIENCE. ALL VOTE THE SAME WAY OPEN TO BRIBERY. MANY = CATHOLIC ALLEGIENCE TO POPE. TENDED TO BE DEMOCRATIC PARTY. REPEPUBLICANS LINKED TO PROHIBITION WHICH BLAMED PROBLEMS OF DRINK ON IMMIGRANTS

Racial tension and discrimination

IMMIGRANTS = SCAPEGOATS BLAME!! NOT ASSIMILATE = EASY TARGETS. SOCIALIST AND ANARCHISTS BLAMED FOR LABOUR VIOLENCE OUTBREAKS OF VIOLENCE COMMON ALL OVER THE USA

 PROHIBITION:
BLAMED PROBLEMS OF DRINK ON IMMIGRANTS. PART OF CATHOLIC CULTURE?

WASPS:
POLITICAL POWER = OLD WHITE ANGO SAXON PROTESTANTS. ANTI CATHOLIC AND WARY OF NEW POWER OF IMMIGRANTS EG IRISH

How did the USA govt limit immigration.

1907 1917

1918
1921 1924

Worries and Fears ? (Clements 11)

Many Americans were worried about the influx of such a large number of immigrants not assimilating into the USA way of life Fear of radical and dangerous political ideas communism and anarchism Fear of losing jobs immigrants accept lower wages. Swamp already crowded cities 80% of New York = foreign born or children of immigrants, Chicago = 50% Enclaves or ghettoes develop? Fear of Catholicism? Blame immigrants for crime and violence

IMPACT OF MASS IMMIGRATION

Coincide with Industrial Revolution in the USA. Immigrants often take dangerous and dirty jobs. 16hrs per day sweatshop exploitation Poor housing and poverty. But govt do nothing laissez faire!!

What was the impact of immigration?

Key questions:
Why did many Americans fear mass immigration? Why did the US government close the door in immigration?

RED SCARE?

NOT WASPS?

ALCOHOL

GHETTOS AND SLUMS OVERCROWDING

Why did many Americans fear mass immigration 1890 1920?

THREATEN JOBS LOW WAGES NOT JOIN UNIONS?

RELIGION

DISEASE

OTHER

RED SCARE?

NOT WASPS?

ALCOHOL

GHETTOS AND SLUMS OVERCROWDING

WHY DID THE US GOVT CLOSE THE DOOR ON IMMIGRATION EARLY 20C

THREATEN JOBS LOW WAGES NOT JOIN UNIONS?

RELIGION

DISEASE

VIOLENCE

REACTION TO US PROBLEMS
Big business Economic depression. Laissez Faire. Bimetallism. Mass Immigration Poor housing and working conditions

Return of Cleveland and the democrats

By 1892/3 Harrison and the republicans were so unpopular that Cleveland and the democrats were back in the White House People had reacted to the big business dominance of the Republican party. Cleveland no better!! There was a Economic Depression in 1893 !! The west was also influential in changing the political map of America. Mass immigration Populism was born!!

POPULISM
What was it? What caused it? How successful was it?
Political cartoon showing python with head of William Jennings Bryan

What was populism?

Beliefs based upon the interests and opinions of ordinary people. Populist Party formed 1892. First Leader = James B Weaver Linked to Democratic Party. Anti urban party, got support from rural areas and factory workers Against control by banks, big business and rich elite Anti capitalism Wanted bimetallism silver and gold to support currency because it meant credit was easier to get hold of.

What caused populism?

See Clements page 12 14;
1) Why were the Silver miners not happy?
Think bimetalism!!

2) Why were the Farmers not happy!!

Prices? Tariffs? Middlemen? Improved transport elsewhere? Credit? Harvests?

3) What about Labour Unions?

What was the AFL? When did it start? What did it try to get? What did employers think? How did employers react? Blacklegs?

Big Business reaction to Populism

How did business leaders react?
1892 Steel workers strike 1894 Pullman car plant strike. 1894 Coxey march on Washington Clements p14

How successful was Populism?

In 1892 the new Populist Party put forward James Weaver as candidate for President. Did badly only won 4 million votes but influence people particularly the Democratic Party?

BUT 1896?
Populists have enough influence to ensure who was nominated as Democratic candidate? What did he support and campaign for?
(Clements p14)

Why did Bryan lose the first modern presidential election?

Clements p15
What tactics did the republicans use? Why was Mark Hanna important? Why were marginal districts important? What was Bryan accused of? What tactics did Bryan have to use give examples! Who won the election?

What did Populism actually achieve?

It influenced the Democratic Party.
Remember the little guy!!

Led to Progressivism later But did not change America in the short term.Mckinley and the Republicans won and big business was still king.

What other protest movements were there in late 19th Century America?
Rowe pages 16 18 Research and take notes on:
Socialism and Eugene Debs Robert La Folette Progressivism.

HOMEWORK complete questions full sentences!! American Socialism?

Rowe p31 33
What did Industrialisation arouse in the USA? Where might socialism grow? There was never a socialist party in the USA but what did grow strong? Why did Trade Union membership grow in the late 19th century? What was the AFL and when what is formed? How many members did it have? Who tended to be these members? What was formed in 1890?

American Socialism continuedp31 - 32

What did the AFL concentrate on? Who did the AFL not join with? When and how did the differences between them become clear? Who did the AFL link with? Why was the IWW (Industrial Workers of the World) form in 1905? Who led the IWW? How many members did it have by 1912? What ideas did the IWW (Wobblies) have? Why did big business see the IWW as a threat? How did they try to stop them? How was the IWW viewed during WW1?