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body hepatitis-
hydropericardium
syndrome (IBH-HPS) and
Emergence of
Hydropericardium
Syndrome in Broilers of
Chitwan Nepal
Dr.Kedar Karki,Dr.Subir Singh
CVL/IAAS,Nepal
• IBH/HPS is an acute infectious disease
characterized by typical hydropericardium,
severe anaemia, necrotic hepatitis and high
mortality. In natural outbreaks, the affected
birds may not exhibit any clinical signs (
Jaffery, 1988) except sudden heavy
mortality (Ravikumar et al., 1997). Mortality
rates in various outbreaks range from 15-
60% (Asrani et al., 1997).
• Inclusion body hepatitis-hydropericardium
syndrome (IBH-HPS), also known as "litchi
disease", is a common disease of broiler
chicken (Cheema et al., 1989) caused by
fowl adenoviruses of serotype 4. The disease
mostly affects young birds between 3 and 6
weeks of age (Niazi et al., 1989) and
occasionally layer and breeder pullets also.
Rarely the disease has been reported from
older broilers, (Asrani et al., 1997) or in
other species of birds like pigeon (Naeem
and Akram, 1995).
• Litchi Heart disease, primarily of broiler
chickens, was first reported in Angara
Goth near Karachi, Pakistan, during 1987
(Khawaja et al., 1988; Gowda and
Satyanarayana, 1994), and it has been
reported to be particularly important in
some countries in Asia and America
(Jaffery, 1988; Shane, 1996; Abe et al.,
1998).
• In India, the disease was noticed in
Jammu during April 1994 and by July
1994, it had spread to Punjab (Gowda
and Satyanarayana, 1994).
• Hydropericardium syndrome (HPS) in
broiler birds of 3 to 6 weeks of age
was recorded for the first time in
the Haldwani area of Nainital district
(UP) in lndia in November, 1994.(RAVl
KUMAR, RAJESH CHANDRA, S. K.
SHUKLA 1, D. K. AGRAWAL 2 and
MAHESH KUMAR).
• Emergence of “Hydropericardium Syndrome” in
Broilers of Chitwan
• In the month of June and July 2009, the
veterinarians of Chitwan have experienced an
emergence of Hydropericardium Syndrome(Singh
Subir 2009) in Broilers. The disease is showing
the high spread rate with high morbidity and
mortality pattern. The disease has been reported
from Navalparashi, Chitwan and Makwanpur.
Epidemiological Status:Chitwon
Nepal