DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF RECTANGULAR FIN APPARATUS

PROJECT COORDINATOR Mr. DHARMENDRAN, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR PROJECT GUIDE Mr. S.SATHYA NARAYANAN, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR

OBJECTIVES
To increase the heat transfer rate effectively by using the extended surfaces called fins and to find out which profile is more efficient, either rectangular or circular profile fins.

AIM OF OUR PROJECT WORK

o To determine the, Heat transfer co-efficient (h) Heat transferred by fin (q) Fin efficiency - for the fin with rectangular profile o And To compare the above results with the Pin fin (fin with circular profile)

DEFINITIONS
FINS OR EXTENDED SURFACES :
It is possible to increase the heat transfer rate by increasing surface (area) of heat transfer . The surfaces used for increasing heat transfer are called extended surfaces or fins.

MODES OF HEAT TRANSFER :

Heat is transferred by fins by two modes of heat transfer namely,
1) Conduction : A mechanism of heat transfer from a region of high temperature to
a region of low temperature within a medium (solid , liquid or gases)

2) Convection : A process of heat transfer that occur between a solid surface and
a fluid medium which are at different temperatures

PROFILE VARIATION IN FINS :

Generally in both rectangular & pin fins the various changes in profile are, Straight Tapered Parabolic

APPLICANCES
RECTANGULAR FIN i. Cooling of motor cycle engines. ii. Cooling of motors & compressors. PIN FIN i. Cooling of electronic components (heat sink) ii. Cooling of small capacity transformers

MATERIAL SELECTION
Material used for fin is BRASS. It is an alloy which is composed of Copper and Zinc. The composition of BRASS is copper(Cu) 70% Zinc(Zn) 30% Material used for duct is MILD STEEL The content in MS is Mg 1.65 % ,Cu 0.6 % , Si 0.6 % , C 0.2%

PROPERTIES OF MATERIAL
The Thermal conductivity of Brass is , k = 110.7 W/mK (70% Cu,30% Zn)
From heat and mass transfer data book,p.no:1 Thermal conductivity : ability of a material to conduct heat.

EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE
The experimental setup consist of a duct and blower arrangement. The fin of particular profile is machined to the required dimension from the material . One end of the fin is connected to the electric heater & the machined end is inserted into the duct. A blower is attached at the one end of the duct & the other end is kept open A temperature measuring probe which is connected to a digital indicator is used for measuring the surface temperature of fin

TABULATION
S.No Fin profile Ambient temperature
0C

Surface temperature
0c

t1

t2

t3

1.

Pin fin

34

84

62

56

2.

Rectangular fin

34

90

65

58

CALCULATION OF HEAT TRANSFER CO-EFFICIENT

Ambient temperature of air is noted. Surface temperature of fin is noted. From this the film temperature is calculated ,

Tf = ( Tair + Ts.avg ) / 2
For Tf , from HMT data book , the properties such as Density , kinematic viscosity , prandtl number , thermal conductivity are found out.

calculation
Pin fin Tf = ( Tair + Ts.avg ) / 2 T(s.avg) = {T1+T2+T3}/3 =(84+62+56)/3 T(s.avg) = 67.33 0c Tf = (67.33 + 34) / 2

Rectangular fin
Tf = ( Tair + Ts.avg ) / 2 T(s.avg) = {T1+T2+T3}/3 = (90+65+58)/3 T(s.avg) = 71 0c Tf = ( 34 + 71) / 2 =52.5 0c

=50.66 0c

Properties @ Tf, = 17.95 * 10^-6 m2/s = 0.0282 w/mk Pr = 0.6985 nu =0.638(Re)^0.466 pr^0.333 Re =ud/ = (0.61 * 0.0125)/(17.95*10^-6) = 426.18

Properties @ Tf, = 18.205 * 10^-6 m2/s = 0.0283 w/mk Pr = 0.697 nu =0.638(Re)^0.466 pr^0.333 Re =uL/ =(0.612 * 0.15)/ (18.205 * 10^-6) = 504.25

 Nu = 10.19 Nu =hd/k h =(10.19*.0282)/.0125 = 22.9~23w/m20c =8.12

Nu = 13.61 Nu=hl/k h=(13.61*.0283)/0.01 =38.516 w/m20c M=(hp/ka) P=2(l+b) =2(0.02+0.01) =0.06 M=10.21

CALCULATON OF HEAT TRANSFERRED BY FIN

Q = [(hpkA)^ tanh(mL) (tb-tair)]

For Pin fin, p=*d m
A =
2 4

For rectangular fin, p = 2( l + b ) m

A = l * b m2

m2

 P=*d m = *0.0125 = 0.039 m A = 2 m2 *(0.0125)2 =1.227*10^-4 m2 Q= 4.63 W

4 = 4

p = 2( l + b ) m = 2 (0.15+0.02) =0.34 A = l * b m2 = 0.15*0.02 =0.003 m2 Q=18.23 W

m=(hp/ka) =8.12

m=(hp/ka) =10.21

Efficiency= tanh(ml)/ml = 68.46%

Efficiency= tanh(ml)/ml =78.2%