Fungus and Parasites

Why me?

Systemic Fungi
Dimorphic

Mold in soil, yeast in tissue Cold=mold; Heat=yeast Bird or Bat droppings Mississippi and Ohio River Mississippi River Big, Broad-Based Budding

Histoplasmosis

Blastomycosis

HIsToplasmosis & BLASTomycosis

Coccidiomycosis
Southwest

US San Joaquin valley fever

Skin Fungus
all skin fungi Tinea versicolor
Tinea

Odd Color Caused by Malassezia furfur

Skin fungus
Tinea

nigra

Brown/black Cladosporium werneckii

Skin fungus
Others

are by location:

Tinea pedis Athletes foot Tinea cruris Jock itch Tinea corporis Body (ringworm) Tinea capitis - Head

Opportunistic fungi
Candida

Normal
Thrush Vaginitis yeast infection Diaper rash or under breasts

Immunocompromised
Esophagitis Disseminated infection

Opportunistic fungi
Aspirate Asthma(?) A for Acute Angle branching
Aspergillus

Opportunistic Fungi
Cryptococcus

Neoformans

Opportunistic Fungi
Mucor

and Rhizopus

>90 branching mold Ketoacidosis and leukemia

Pneumocystis

carinii

Pneumonia Cyst circle yeast (not mold)

Opportunistic Fungi
Sporothrix

schenckii

Dimorphic fungus Rose gardeners disease

Protozoa
Having fun yet?

Entamoeba Histolytica
Things

to remember:

Inflammatory Diarrhea Liver anchovy paste Flask-shaped ulcer Cysts Tx with Metronidazole

Anchovy Paste

Giardia lamblia
From

drinking untreated water (cysts) Flatulence, foul-smelling diarrhea

Cryptosporidium
Starts

w/ Crypto, so think AIDS Spore, so think cysts Causes diarrhea (surprise) The 1994 Milwaukee outbreak from water treatment problem

Toxoplasma
Cat

feces to pregnant moms Hydrocephalus / birth defects

Plasmodium
Malaria

Diagnosed

w/ blood smear Tx w/ mosquito (female)

Plasmodium

Plasmodium

Plasmodium

Trichimonas vaginalis
STD

Trichimonas vaginalis

Trypanosoma cruzi
American

Things

to remember:

Chagas (heart) disease Reduviid bug

Trypanosoma cruzi
Chagas

problems of the heart

Reduviid - The Kissing Bug

Dont let the kissing bug poop on you!

Trypanosoma gambiense Trypanosoma rhodesiense

African

(Gambia, Rhodesia) Things to remember

African sleeping sickness Tsetse fly

Tutsis are in Africa (Rwanda)

Leishmania
Things

to remember:

Cutaneous Visceral (kala-azar) Sandfly

Leishmania

Babesia microti
Ixodes

tick Maltese cross on blood smear

Naegleria Fowleri
Things

to remember

Fowl play 95% die in a week Meningitis Swimming

Naegleria Fowleri

Metronidazole

Worms
Itll be over soon

Tapeworms
Treat

tapeworms with niclosamide

Taenium solium
Pork

tapeworm Causes mass lesions in the brain

Echinococcus granulosus
Hydatid

tapeworms Granulosus think of these big cysts mostly liver and lung

Schistosoma
Snails,

Swimmers itch, Skin, Spleen

Clonorchis sinensis
Undercooked

fish Inflamed biliary tract

Paragonimus westermani
Lung

fluke Western man Marlboro man lung problems

Ancyclostoma duodenale
Hookworm

Can

penetrate feet Can cause anemia Remember

An=not cyclo=round Stoma=mouth

Ascaris lumbricoides
Scariest

intestinal worm Wandering behavior

Enterobius vermicularis
Pinworm

(vermin) Most common parasite in US Scotch tape test

Strongyloides stercoralis
Threadworm

Tx

with Ivermectin

Trichinella spiralis
Worm

in undercooked prok Causes muscle inflammation & periorbital edema

Dracunculus medinensis
In

untreated water

Loa Loa
Transmitted

by deer fly See worm crawling on conjunctiva

Onchocerca volvulus
From

blackflies River blindness Onco-tumor Cerca-circle (eye)?

Toxocara canis
From

dogs -cara rhymes with sclera

Wuchereria bancrofti
Elephantiasis

lymph blockage

Thank you!