Automatic Sun Tracking System

Presented by: HIMANSHU PUNETHA MECHANICAL ENGG. UPES DEHRADUN

Aim of the Project

Implementation of the automatic sun tracking

application by using solar panel using efficient power management concept.

Solar energy is the most readily available source of

energy. It is free. It is also the most important of the non-conventional sources of energy because it is nonpolluting.
By using microcontroller we can control the system to

capture the maximum energy from sun light in day time.

Basic Principle of Design

Solar photo voltaic (SPV). Can be used to generate electricity form the sun.

Silicon solar cells play an important role in generation of electricity. While the output of solar cells depends on the intensity of sunlight and the angle of incidence. The solar panels must remain in front of sun during the whole day.
But due to rotation of earth those panels cant

TOOLS

Hardware Tools
Microcontroller unit Solar panel

Unipolar stepper motor

Mechanical item to drive the solar panels Battery

THE BASIC THEORY

PROGRAMMING LIGHT SENSORS STEPPER MOTOR AND DRIVER THEORY SOLAR ENERGY

PROCEDURES
uses a CdS photocell for light detection complementary resistor value of 10 K used to

construct the circuit. Output voltage increases with light intensity The microcontroller convert the analog photocell voltage into digital values ;also provide four output channels to control motor rotation

PROCEDURES (contd.)
Single unipolar stepper motor half stepped to provide

greater positioning accuracy with 3.75 degrees-per-step

7805 voltage regulator provides 5 volt supply voltage to

the microcontroller

Reset switch allows the microcontroller to be reset after

it enters sleep mode.

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

WHY WE CHOOSE THIS PROJECT

We choose the project related the solar energy because the usage of solar energy in India not really

much. Our project is Solar System Control and the function of this project is to try get full lightening from the sun. We also choose this project because we hopes our project can be encourage to other people in India to develop the advancement in system for solar energy.

PRIVATE USE

PROJECT BLOCK DIAGRAM

CIRCUIT OPERATION/ FLOW CHART

PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERATED
Power of motor is too small to drive the solar panel. Circuit not function Do not know the best material for project body Program code has many error

THE SOLUTION
Search the internet, refers to books, ask to friends Trouble shoot the circuit Find the another unipolar stepper motor Find the light material

MODIFICATION FROM ORIGINAL PLAN

Our design for this project is not same like our original

design. Our first design is more complicated and must have enough knowledge about movement and mechanical part. So we just change from original design to more simple and no need use more complicated design.

ORIGINAL DESIGN

OUR DESIGN

Advantages
The advantage of this unit is that to run the system it does not need computer Solar cells directly convert the solar radiation into electricity using photovoltaic effect without going through a thermal process. During the winter the sun has a low position ,

tracking angle from sunrise to sunset is shortened.

Advantages (contd..)
The plant will not driven up to the final position but just to that position at which really sets, therefore saving of power. Depending on the radiation intensity, it may sinks under a predefined value for instance at dusk , when the sky is cloudy, tracking is interrupted.

COMPARISON OF OVERALL PROJECTS RESULT WITH PROJECTS OVERVIEW

To fabricate the stepper motor control card interfaced

with driver circuit To construct a modal prototype solar cell movement system with a Mechanical assembly to move the panel from180 degree east to west To design an electronic circuit to sense the intensity of light and to control DC motor Drive for the panel movement.

QUARRIES?