Nurse _____ understands that the purpose of lactulose administration in cirrhosis is:

A. To decrease ammonia formation in the intestine by decreasing intestinal motility. B. To decrease ammonia formation in the intestine by increasing intestinal motility. C. To prevent ammonia absorption by preventing diarrhea. D. To prevent accumulation of ammonia in the the liver of the patient.

What are the signs and symptoms of a perforated PUD?

A. Sudden severe upper abdominal pain, vomiting and tender rigid abdomen. B. Sudden severe lower abdominal pain, vomiting and rebound tenderness. C. Progressive abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea. D. Progressive abdominal pain, upper abdominal pain, tingling sensations

If a client has ascites from chronic liver disease, what position should help with respiration? A. Lateral position. B. Supine. C. Sims position. D. Semi-fowlers position.

What is the most sensitive test for liver dysfunction?

A. B. C. D. SGPT SGOT Prothrombin time BUN

As the nurse assigned to the care of Mr. _____ with acute pancreatitis, you should assess him for which of the following as the most fatal complication of this condition?
A. B. C. D. Hypovolemia Hypervolemia Infection Indigestion

Which one is the usual first symptom of pancreatitis?

A. Constant abdominal pain that radiates to the groin. B. Constant epigastric pain that radiates to the back. C. Intermittent abdominal pain that radiates to the thigh. D. Intermittent abdominal pain contained in the lower region.

Which of the following correctly relates to a reducible hernia?

A. A protruding mass that cannot be pushed and placed back into the abdomen. B. A protruding mass that can be manually pushed back in the abdomen.common in male A protruding mass that presents with increasing pain with manipulation. A. A protruding mass that can only be surgically pushed back in the abdomen.

________ has been admitted to the hospital after ingesting a corrosive substance. In addition to concerns and treatment of the GIT, what should the nurse monitor?
A. B. C. D. Airway status Circulation status Pulse rate Blood pressure

Mr. ______, a trauma patient, complains of left shoulder pain but no injury is found to the area. What should the nurse suspect?
A. Bleeding into the lower abdomen causing local irritation. B. Damage to the nerves innervating the abdomen. C. Bleeding in the abdomen causing diaphragmatic irritation. D. Misdiagnosed injuries

What are the neurological signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia?

A. Confusion, agitation, headache, blurred vision. B. Confusion, hyperirritability, thirst, hunger C. Nervousness, headache, loss of DTR D. Nervousness, widened pulse pressure, kussmauls respiration

What are the signs and symptoms of primary adrenal insufficiency?

A. Hyperactivity, tremors, weight gain, hunger B. Hypoactivity, weight gain, lethargy, moon face C. Fatigue, weakness, weight loss, anorexia, hyperpigmetation D. fatigue, nervousness, weight gain, anorexia, water retentation

Interpret the following blood gases pH 7.30, PaCO2 40, HCO3 20, PaO2 95.
A. B. C. D. Respiratory acidosis Respiratory alkalosis Matabolic alkalosis Metabolic acidosis

What medication can be given to a patient who is hypoglycemic and unconscious?

A. IV glucose/ dextrose if an IV line is available. B. IV rapid-acting regular insulin. C. Bicarbonate and regular insulin. D. Regular insulin and NPH combination.

Mr. ____, a 29-year-old drunken male is admitted for observation after having his head pounded into the concrete by his wife. He had a brief episode of LOC, but was then ambulatory and alert, now he appears drowsy and just threw up on you. What do you suspect?
A. B. C. D. Alcohol withdrawal Alcohol intoxication Epidural hematoma Skull fracture

Why would you be concerned if a quadriplegic suddenly develops a severe headache?

A. It is a symptom of autonomic dysreflexia. B. It is a symptom of disequilibrium syndrome.dialysis C. It is a symptom of cerebral aneurysm. D. It is a symptom which indicates alleviation of spinal shock.

A trauma patient with a suspected head injury complains of pain. What narcotic should you expect to be given to this patient at this time?
A. B. C. D. Demerol ----severe type pain Morphine----severe Fentanyl ----severe None

What is the most commonly used procedure to treat urinary calculi that reside in the kidneys?
A. ESWL B. Percutaneous lithotripsy C. TURP---bph D. Venoclysis

All but one can cause false-positive hematuria:

A. B. C. D. Food coloring Dilantin Rifampin Cytoxan -----true hematuria

What is the post void residual volume that suggests urinary retention?
A. B. C. D. A volume greater than 25 cc. A volume greater than 30 cc. A volume greater than 50 cc. A volume greater than 75 cc.

If you need to call the hospital in an emergency, what should you tell the dispatcher or the receiver? A. Describe the emergency B. Give your name and the telephone number of the phone you are using to make the call C. Give the exact address where the emergency occurred D. All of the above

If blood is spurting from a wound, what should you do?

A. Apply a tourniquet B. Cover the wound with a clean cloth and apply continuous pressure with the palm of your hand C. Raise the wound above the victim's heart to slow the bleeding D. B and C

What should be done for a firmly embedded foreign object in a wound?

A. Remove as soon as possible B. Leave in place and seek further medical attention.....to prevent bleeding C. Remove after 10 minutes D. Wash wound then remove object

What is the treatment for a sprain or strain? A. Exercise the affected area. B. Rest ice compression & elevation C. Lower the injury below the heart D. Wrap with elastic stocking

Under which of the following should a full face helmet be removed? A. Difficulty breathing or vomiting.....abc priority B. As long as there are more than two rescuers C. If suspect back injury D. In all casualty cases

How should a casualty be positioned after being rescued from drowning?

A. The head is higher than their chest B. The head is level with their chest C. The head is lower than their chest....to drain secretion D. Any of these

How often should you replace a dressing as blood seeps through?

A. as often as you feel you need to B. when the dressing is soaked with blood. C. every two minutes D. rather than replace it, add dressings on top

You have been hiking all day in the sun when your friend complains of a severe headache and begins mumbling incoherent sentences. What will you do?
A. You move him into the shade, remove his clothing, elevate his feet and apply cold compresses to his armpits and groin B. You move him into the shade, remove his clothing, elevate his feet and give him aspirin. C. You move him into the shade, remove his clothing and vigorously rub alcohol on his body. D. You move him into the shade, remove his clothing and splash him with water.

A boy has his finger severed off, what action would be best?
A. B. C. Put the severed end of the finger back in place, wrap entire finger in sterile gauze and transport to hospital immediately. Wrap the severed finger in sterile gauze, place it in a plastic bag, put the bag on ice, transport both the finger and the victim to the hospital. Place the severed finger in a plastic bag, have the boy place the bag under his armpit, transport immediately to the hospital. Place ice pack at the stub where the finger was severed to control bleeding, discard the finger and transport child to hospital.

D.

In providing first aid to a client bitten by a snake, you should keep in mind the DOs and DONTs to safely manage the case until adequate medical treatment is available. The following are DONTs in snake bites:
I. DO NOT try to suck out the venom by mouth. II. DO NOT give the person stimulants or pain medications unless a doctor tells you to do so. III. DO NOT give the person anything by mouth. IV. DO NOT raise the site of the bite above the level of the person's heart. V. DO NOT restrict the movement of the client.---immobilize patient
A. I,II,III,IV,V B. I,II,III,IV C. II,III,IV,V D. I,II,IV,V

Which one is best for jellyfish sting?

A. Soak the area with acetic acid.( vinegar) B. Apply soap sud solution and allow to dry. C. Apply ice over the area to alleviate swelling. D. Pee over the affected area.

What is the reason for administering epinephrine to a patient during CPR?

A. It causes vasodilation of the peripheral blood flow and decreases vascular resistance. B. It causes vasodilation of the peripheral blood flow and Increases vascular resistance. C. It causes vasoconstriction of the peripheral blood flow and increases systemic vascular resistance. D. It causes vasoconstriction of the peripheral blood flow and decreases systemic vascular resistance.

What is the drug of choice for reducing premature ventricular contractions?

A. Epinephrine B. Lidocaine hydrochloride C. Digoxin D. Amiodarone

Where should you secure the loose end of a restraint after first attaching it to a bed-ridden patient?

A. Side rales B. IV pole C. Bed frame D. Bed table

The qualifications must be met before a patient can leave against medical advice may include the following, except: A. With history of recent head injury B. Mentally competent C. Must not be psychotic D. Must not be under the influence of mind-altering drugs

What is the process of critical incident stress debriefing (CISD) used for?
A. It offers long term debriefing to individuals after a critically emotional or traumatic situation. B. It offers immediate debriefing to individuals after a critically emotional or traumatic situation. C. It blocks immediate emotional reactions among staff members D. It is primarily focused on the clients responses to traumatic situations in the unit.

What physical abnormality is most commonly reported from CIS?

A. Urinary incontinence B. Somnolence C. Weight loss D. Sleep disturbance

What type of budget covers land, buildings, and expensive durable equipment? A. Capital budget B. Personnel budget C. Operational budget D. Any of this

What are the 4Cs in determining muscle viability?

A. complexion, contraction, contour, circulation B. color, consistency, contraction, circulation C. contaminants, complexion, contraction, circulation D. contaminants, color, consistency, contraction

The Department of Health (DOH) warned the public against leptospirosis as it noted a spike in the number of cases after tropical storm Ondoy and typhoon Pepeng. The time between a person's exposure to a contaminated source and becoming sick is:

A. 2 to 21 days B. 1 to 7 days C. 2 to 5 days D. 1 to 6 weeks

What is the recommended drug for prophylaxis and treatment of leptospirosis? A. B. C. D. Amoxicillin Chroramphenicol Doxycycline Cotrimoxazole