UNIT II

E-BUSINESS INFRASTRUCTURE

Contents of Unit-II

Internet: meaning and issues Problems and prospects of Internet ISP Intranets: Trends, growth and applications Extranet: Applications VPN EDI: Definitions and benefits Technology and implementation Portals

What Is the Internet?

A network of networks, joining many government, university and private computers together and providing an infrastructure for the use of E-mail, bulletin boards, file archives, hypertext documents, databases and other computational resources.

What is the Internet?

The largest network of networks in the world. Uses TCP/IP protocols and packet switching . Runs on any communications substrate.

From Dr. Vinton Cerf, Co-Creator of TCP/IP

Internet Growth Trends

1977: 111 hosts on Internet 1981: 213 hosts 1983: 562 hosts 1984: 1,000 hosts 1986: 5,000 hosts 1987: 10,000 hosts 1989: 100,000 hosts 1992: 1,000,000 hosts 2001: 150 175 million hosts 2002: over 200 million hosts By 2010, about 80% of the planet will be on the Internet

TCP/IP Addresses

Every host on the Internet must have a unique IP address The IP address is a 32-bit number which we write in dotted decimal notation The first part of the IP address is the network address the remainder is the host ID A subnet mask is used to determine the network address from a IP host address All hosts on the same network are configured with the same subnet mask

Advantages of using internet to celebrate festival

It is Fast. It is Cheap. It is Convenient and Global

Advantages of Internet

E-mail Access of information (24x7) Shopping Online chat Downloading software and content

Limitations/Disadvantages of internet

Personal information Need for technical knowledge Security issues Spamming Unidentified malware /virus Lack of dignity Not sensible Addiction Misleading content

ELECTRONIC DATA INTERCHANGE

EDI refers to Electronic Data Interchange. EDI is the direct computer to computer exchange between two organizations of standard business transaction documents such as invoices, bill of lading (list of a ships cargo), purchase orders . It saves money and time because transactions can be transmitted form one information system to another through a tele-communications network, eliminating the printing and handling of paper at one

EDI

The EDI standards were designed to be independent of communication and software technologies. EDI can be transmitted using any methodology agreed to by the sender and recipient. This includes a variety of technologies, including modem (asynchronous, and bisynchronous), FTP, Email, HTTP, AS1, AS2, etc. EDI differs from electronic mail in that it transmits an actual structured transaction (fields like transaction date/amount, senders name, recipients name etc) in contrast to an unstructured text message such as a letter.

APPLICATIONS OF EDI

Improvements in overall quality Inventory reduction:. Provides better information: Sending invoices: Saves time:

DEVELOPMENT OF EDI

Historically, paper documents were prepared and mailed by the initiation of a transaction, delivered through the postal system. Later, the telephone has become the most common means of a business interaction. Recent advances in technology have partially addressed the problems from earlier sources and the Electronic mail (E-mail) systems have been used for some time as an intra organizational means of communicating effectively. E- mails inefficiency, as with its close cousin the facsimile (FAX). Later, the e-mail, FAX, and voice mail, all require a human being to interpret the transmitted informations content and react. Errors and time were found problematic constraints. The problem for exchanging large volumes of transactions was solved with the development in technology with computer punch cards and magnetic tapes. Developments in telecommunications during the 1970s enabled these transfers to move between partners even more rapidly. Later, the the creation of TDCC( Transportation Data Coordinating committee) created the plot form for the advanced development in EDI. Accredited Standards Committee X12 (ASC X12) was established with an open membership which enabled the businesses to establish a single software infrastructure to transform data, a process now termed translation to equate the ASC X12 standard to its role as a common language for transaction and data exchange.

INTRANET

An intranet is a private network that uses Internet protocols to securely share any part of an organization's information or operational systems with its employees. Sometimes the term refers only to the organization's internal website, but often it is a more extensive part of the organization's information technology infrastructure and private websites are an important component and focal point of

GROWTH OF INTRANET

An intranet can be understood as a private version of the Internet, or as a private extension of the Internet confined to an organization. The first intranet websites and home pages began to appear in organizations in 1990 - 1991. Although not officially noted, the term intranet first became common-place inside early adopters, such as universities and technology corporations, in 1992. Intranets differ from extranets in that the former are generally restricted to employees of the

Applications of Intranets Sales and Marketing Intranets: For product information Price lists Information on sales leads Analysis of the local competition Details of planned sales campaigns, discounts, giveaways Sales training material Applications of Intranets Research and Development Applications:: Update project schedules and importatn milestones Circulate technical drawings Post technical specifications Collect feed back from sales staff on proposed new product specifications

EXTRANET

An extranet is a private network that uses Internet protocols, network connectivity, and possibly the public telecommunication system to securely share part of an organization's information or operations with suppliers, vendors, partners, customers or other businesses. An extranet can be viewed as part of a company's intranet that is extended to users outside the company, usually via the

Extranet

Suppliers

Distributors

Enterprise
Knowledge Management Internal Communication Project Management

Logistics Provider

Financial Srvices

Intranet

Internet
Electronic Storefront Business Intelligence Customer Services Information Dissemination

Portals

A web portal, also known as a links page, presents information from diverse sources in a unified way. Apart from the standard search engine feature, web portals offer other services such as e-mail, news, stock prices, information, databases and entertainment. Portals provide a way for enterprises to provide a consistent look and feel with access control and procedures for multiple applications and databases, which

Types of portals
1)Vertical Portals a) Corporate Portals b) Commerce Portals 2) Horizontal portals 3) Intranet Portals 4) Knowledge Portals 5) Enterprise Portals

Vertical Portal

a)

b)

A Vertical portal is also called as Vortal. These portals focus only on a specific industry, vertical or domain. Vortals or portals offer tools, information, articles, research and statistics on one specific industry. Vortals offer the right gateway for businesses to promote their products and services to get exposure within their vertical. Vortals mostly provide customized information and services to niche audiences having a special area of interest. There are endless possibilities for establishing vertical portals. The solutions can be divided into 2 groups. They are: Corporate Portals (limited to a specific company) Commerce Portals ( limited to b2c and c2b transactions

Horizontal Portals

These portals focus on a wide range of topics and interests. They focus on general public and try to present something for each one. This portal act as an entry point of a web surfer into the internet, offering content on the subject of interest and guides towards a direction to fetch more resources and related information. Yahoo.com, msn.com and Google etc which offers visitors with information on a wide area of subjects and topics. This portal target the whole Internet community.

Intranet Portals & Knowledge Portals

Intranet Portals (Enterprise Portals)The intranet portal focus on offering staff members with information which is regularly updated along with system of document management, availability of applications on demand, online training courses and web casts etc. Knowledge Portals: Knowledge portals provides easy access to information necessary or helpful to them in specific roles. This are not just intranet portals as the former are supposed to offer extra functionality like collaboration services, sophisticated information, discovery services and a knowledge map.

Enterprise Portal
Enterprise Portals: An enterprise portal offers access to the right range of information about a particular company. This portals have become the hot favorite technologies of the Internet. They aim at providing a virtual workplace for employees, customers, suppliers etc.