Research Design

Presented By: Pandya Mruga Vaneshchandra

Definition
Research Design is the conceptual structure within

which research is conducted; it constitutes the blue print for the collection, measurement and analysis of data.
A research design is a set of logical procedures that

(when followed) enables one to obtain evidence to determine the degree to which a theoretical hypothesis (or set of hypotheses) is/are correct.
Is a plan for selecting the sources and types of

information used to answer the research question.

Functions of Research Design

According to Black and Champion (1976-77), the three important functions of Research Design are:
It provides blueprint. It limits boundaries of research activity. It enables investigation to anticipate potential

problems.

Features of A Good Research Design

Flexible
Appropriate Efficient Economical Minimize bias factor Increases reliability factor Etc.

Major Types Of Research

Design of Investigation should stem from the problem. Based on the fundamental objectives or purposes, research design has been classified into:
Exploratory or Formulative Research/ Design
Descriptive and Diagnostic Research Design Causal or Experimental Research Design

Exploratory Research Design

Exploratory Studies are carried out to explore a

subject
Exploratory research is unstructured, informal

research undertaken to gain background information about the general nature of the research problem.
Clarify and formulate a more precise research

problem and hypothesis

Achieve new insights or ideas into a phenomenon

Exploratory Research Design

Methods of Conducting exploratory research:
Survey of related literature/ Secondary data

analysis
Experience Surveys Case Analysis or Case Study Approach

Descriptive and Diagnostic Design

This research design provides answers to:
Who What Where When How

Descriptive and Diagnostic Design

Descriptive research is designed to provide

further insight into the research problem by describing the variables of Interest.
The major purpose of descriptive research is the

description of the state of affairs as it exist at present.

Causal/ Experimental Design

It is concerned with making experiments to find

out the cause-effect relationship of variables under study.

The main purpose of exp. design is to test a

causal hypothesis.
The premise of the design is that something (an

independent variable) directly influences the behaviour of something else (the dependant variable).

Research Design Table

Research Purposes

Data to Collect

Data Analysis Approach

Informants

Questions relating to the Research Purposes column include

What is my research problem? What are the key dimensions of this problem?

What specific questions does this problem generate?

Which of these questions can I hope to address well? How can I analyze my problem and questions to specify

a succinct set of research aims and objectives, and a finite set of research questions?

Questions relating to the Data collection include

What kinds of research data will I (need to) collect? How will this data help/allow me to address my research

purposes?
How will I collect this data? How much data will I collect? How will I validate this data or establish that it is good

quality data?
How will I organize this data so it will be in good shape for

being analyzed?

Questions relating to the Data Analysis column include

What forms of data analysis will I use? What justifies these forms of analysis? How will they

help me achieve my research purposes?

How are these forms of analysis conducted? What do I need to know, be able to do and have

access to do in order to use these forms of analysis in an expert way?

What will these forms of analysis let me say about

the data (and not say)?

Questions relating to the Informants column include

Who writes about the aspects covered in the previous

questions, and who can therefore help guide us in our work? In more specific terms, the following questions may be asked:
Who helps us understand how to frame and refine research

purposes? What are some relevant books, articles, and chapters that we can read here?
Who provides us with theories and concepts that are relevant

to our research problem and questions, and that will guide us in deciding what kinds of data to collect and how to analyze it?
Who provides good advice on how to collect, validate and

organize data? What are some relevant books, articles, and chapters that we can read here?
Who provides good information about how to analyze data?

What are some relevant books, articles, and chapters that we

Tentative Research Design

Objective - To develop an instrument for assessing HRQ Literature survey Linkage with EQ Employee measurements and EQ EQ variables and indicators EQ model Development of questionnaire for each indicator Selection of sample units

 Administration of questionnaire to 5 sample units (five

point likert rating scale)

In two spells Scrutiny of responses for consistency Data entry to SPSS Testing the Instrument Reliability test- Factor analysis- Significance Analysis( T

test)
Analysis and presentation of data (Tabulation of data)

Conclusion

Thank You