3G Load Control

February 2012

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Contents
Load Control: Introduction Load Control: Intelligent Access Control Load Control: Load Reshuffling

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Load Control exists in all phases

Load Control is used to keep system stable, maximize system capacity while ensuring the coverage and QoS.

PUC

CAC IAC 2. During UE access

LDR OLC

1. Before UE access

3. After UE access Time

PUC: Potential User Control CAC: Call Admission Control IAC: Intelligent Admission Control LDR: Load Reshuffling OLC: Overload Control

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Load control features

PUC

The function of PUC is to balance traffic load among inter-frequency cells. By modifying cell selection and
reselection parameters and broadcasting them through system information, PUC leads UEs to cells with light load. The UEs may be in idle mode, CELL_FACH state, CELL_PCH state, or URA_PCH state.

CAC The function of CAC is to decide on resource requests from UEs, such as access, reconfiguration, handover requests or service request, according to the resource status of the cell (codes, power, credits, Iub and max user).

IAC The function of IAC is to increase the access success rate with the current QoS assured through rate negotiation, queuing, preemption, and Direct Retry Decision (DRD).

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Load control features

LDR The function of LDR is to reduce the load of a cell when the available resources of the cell reach the specified alarm threshold. The purpose of LDR is to increase the access success rate in the following ways:
Inter-frequency load handover Code reshuffling BE service rate reduction AMR voice service rate reduction Uncontrolled realtime traffic QoS renegotiation CS inter-RAT load handover PS inter-RAT load handover

OLC

The function of OLC is to reduce the cell load rapidly by restricting the Transport Format (TF) of the BE service or releasing UEs when the cell is overloaded. The purpose of OLC is to ensure the stability of the system and the QoS of most UEs.

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Load control features

LDR

How to check active functions: LST UCELLALGOSWITCH

The function of LDR is to reduce the load of a cell when the available resources of the cell reach the specified alarm threshold. The purpose of LDR is to increase the access success rate in the following ways:
Inter-frequency load handover Code reshuffling BE service rate reduction AMR voice service rate reduction Uncontrolled realtime traffic QoS renegotiation CS inter-RAT load handover PS inter-RAT load handover

OLC

The function of OLC is to reduce the cell load rapidly by restricting the Transport Format (TF) of the BE service or releasing UEs when the cell is overloaded. The purpose of OLC is to ensure the stability of the system and the QoS of most UEs.

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Contents
Load Control: Introduction Load Control: Intelligent Access Control Load Control: Load Reshuffling

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Load Control: IAC

Intelligent Access Control (IAC) function target is to increase RRC and RAB success rate and it is divided in these two parts.

IAC for RRC

Redirection Redirection DRD

RRC connection request

Service-based redirection

RRC CAC
SUCCEED

SUCCEED

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Load Control: IAC (RRC)

Servicebased redirection

Redirection RRC connection request Service-based redirection RRC CAC SUCCEED DRD

Redirection

SUCCEED

Depending on requested service and cell load, appropriate cell is chosen. For example, PS calls can be redirected to second carrier or voice calls can be redirected to interRAT neighbors.

Redirection

RRC CONNECTION REJECT (Redirection info) is sent to UE with cell reselection for Inter-freq access or to Inter-RAT access.

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Load Control: IAC (RRC)

Servicebased redirection

Redirection RRC connection request Service-based redirection RRC CAC SUCCEED DRD

Redirection

SUCCEED

Depending on requested service and cell load, appropriate cell is chosen. For example, PS calls can be redirected to second carrier or voice calls can be redirected to interRAT neighbors.

Redirection

How to check redirection: LST UREDIRECTION

RRC CONNECTION REJECT (Redirection info) is sent to UE with cell reselection for Inter-freq access or to Inter-RAT access.

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Load Control: IAC (RRC)

RRC CAC

Redirection RRC connection request Service-based redirection RRC CAC SUCCEED DRD

Redirection

SUCCEED

Code

RRC connection request and HO services only need to have available codes Other services needs to leave at least DLHoCeCodeResvSF

In case cell load is higher than UL or DL OLC trigger, RRC requests are not accepted.

Power
RRC connection request and HO services only need to have available credits Credits Other services needs to leave at least DLHoCeCodeResvS

Check if there is available bandwidth for this signalling connection

Iub

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Load Control: IAC (RRC)

RRC CAC

Redirection RRC connection request Service-based redirection RRC CAC SUCCEED DRD

Redirection

SUCCEED

Code

RRC connection request and HO services only need to have available codes Other services needs to leave at least DLHoCeCodeResvSF

How to check DLHoCeCodeResvSF: LST UCELLCAC How to check UL or DL OLC trigger: LST UCELLLDM

In case cell load is higher than UL or DL OLC trigger, RRC requests are not accepted.

Power
RRC connection request and HO services only need to have available credits Credits Other services needs to leave at least DLHoCeCodeResvS

Check if there is available bandwidth for this signalling connection

Iub

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Load Control: IAC (RRC)

DRD

Redirection RRC connection request Service-based redirection RRC CAC SUCCEED DRD

Redirection

SUCCEED

After admission fail, DRD tries to select another cell among cells with same coverage (blind HO). In case one does not success to access, another one in the list is tried. In case there is no more appropriate neighbors, redirection is done (in case switch is ON)

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Load Control: IAC (RRC)

DRD

Redirection RRC connection request Service-based redirection RRC CAC SUCCEED DRD

Redirection

SUCCEED

After admission fail, DRD tries to select another cell among cells with same coverage (blind HO). In case one does not success to access, another one in the list is tried. In case there is no more appropriate neighbors, redirection is done (in case switch is ON).

How to check redirection status: LST UDRD

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Load Control: IAC (RAB)

IAC for RAB

Fail Try another neighbor cell RAB setup request Inter-freq DRD Rate negotiation SUCCEED

CAC

SUCCEED

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Fail

Load Control: IAC (RAB)

Inter-freq DRD

Try another neighbor cell RAB setup request Inter-freq DRD Rate negotiation CAC SUCCEED

SUCCEED

Target is to select a suitable cell for UE to access according to service priority and cell load (in case switches are active). RNC prepares a list with blind HO neighbors and assigns cell with highest service priority and less load.

Rate negotiation
MBR, GBR, initial bit rate and target bit rate are assigned.

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Fail

Load Control: IAC (RAB)

Inter-freq DRD

Try another neighbor cell RAB setup request Inter-freq DRD Rate negotiation CAC SUCCEED

SUCCEED

Target is to select a suitable cell for UE to access according to service priority and cell load (in case switches are active). RNC prepares a list with blind HO neighbors and assigns cell with highest service priority and less load.

Rate negotiation

How to check inter-freq DRD status: LST UDRD

MBR, GBR, initial bit rate and target bit rate are assigned.

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Fail

Load Control: IAC (RAB)

RAB CAC

Try another neighbor cell RAB setup request Inter-freq DRD Rate negotiation CAC SUCCEED

SUCCEED

Need to leave at least DLHoCeCodeResvSF

Code

Power

Three different algorithms. Firstly UL is checked, then DL. UL uses Algorithm 2: ENU DL uses Algorithm 1: Load increase Need to leave at least DLHoCeCodeResvS

Credits

Check if there is available bandwidth for GBR

Iub

User Max

Max cell HSDPA /HSUPA user number and max NodeB HSDPA/HSUPA user number is taking into account. In case number exceeds, user is degraded to R99.

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Fail

Load Control: IAC (RAB)

RAB CAC How to CAC thresholds: LST UCELLCAC

Try another neighbor cell RAB setup request Inter-freq DRD Rate negotiation CAC SUCCEED

SUCCEED

Need to leave at least DLHoCeCodeResvSF

Code

Power

Three different algorithms. Firstly UL is checked, then DL. UL uses Algorithm 2: ENU DL uses Algorithm 1: Load increase Need to leave at least DLHoCeCodeResvS

How to check algorithm: LST UCELLALGOSWITCH

Credits

Check if there is available bandwidth for GBR

Iub

User Max

Max cell HSDPA /HSUPA user number and max NodeB HSDPA/HSUPA user number is taking into account. In case number exceeds, user is degraded to R99.

How to check if User Max is enabled (HSxPA_UU_ADCTRL switch): LST UCELLALGOSWITCH

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Fail

Load Control: IAC (RAB)

Try another neighbor cell

Try another neighbor cell RAB setup request Inter-freq DRD Rate negotiation CAC SUCCEED

SUCCEED

In case admission fails, another neighbor cell is tried from the suitable list. Then Rate Negotiation and CAC is done. In case all neighbors fails: If requested service is HSDPA, services is degraded to R99 to try again. If requested service is R99, interRAT DRD is tried (needs bling HO 3G2G neighbors)

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Contents
Load Control: Introduction Load Control: Intelligent Access Control Load Control: Load Reshuffling

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Load Control: LDR

The function of LDR is to reduce the load of a cell when the available resources of the cell reach the specified basic congestion threshold. Basic congestion state can be caused by insufficiency of power, codes, Iub or credits resources.

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Load Control: LDR

The function of LDR is to reduce the load of a cell when the available resources of the cell reach the specified basic congestion threshold. Basic congestion state can be caused by insufficiency of power, codes, Iub or credits resources.
How to check algorithm: LST UCELLALGOSWITCH LST UNODEBALGOPARA LST UCELLLDM

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Load Control: LDR

When the cell is in basic congestion, RNC can take one of follow actions each period (duration set by SET ULDCPERIOD):
LDR Actions
Resource UL/DL InterFreq HO BE Rate Reduction InterRAT CS HO InterRAT PS HO AMR Reduction Iu QoS Renegotiation Code Reshuffling MBMS Power Downgrading

Power Resource Code Resource

UL DL UL DL
UL

NodeB Credit DL Iub Transport Resource UL DL

The list of actions and its order could be modified using MOD UCELLLDR.

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Thank you
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