AGRICULTURE

ECONOMIC SURVEY OF PAKISTAN 2012-13

WHAT IS AGRICULTURE? AND IMPORTANCE

The word agriculture refers to the science, the art, and the business of cultivating soil in the ground. It also refers to the producing of crops, the raising of livestock, and farming in general.
Agriculture is our means of survival.

Source for providing food, clothes and some medications too.

ACCORDING TO ECONOMIC SURVEY OF PAK

Central to the economic growth and development. About 25% of Pakistan's total land area is under cultivation and is watered by one of the largest irrigation systems in the world.Central to the economic growth and development. Contributes 21.3% to GDP. 45% of labor force employment.

62% of total population resides in agriculture sector.

Contributes in growth of other sector. Such as industrial sector.

RANKING
Pakistan is one of the world's largest producers and suppliers of the following according to the different sources i.e. Food and Agriculture Organization of The United Nations and FAOSTAT given here with ranking:
Chickpea (2nd) Cotton (4th) Milk (5th) Date Palm (5th) Sugarcane (5th) Mango (4th) Wheat (7th)

Rice (14th)
Pakistan ranks eighth worldwide in farm output, according to the List of countries by GDP sector composition.

HISTORICAL GROWTH PERFORMANCE

year 1960s percentage 5.1

1970s
1980s 1990s 2000s

2.4
5.4 4.4 3.2

HISTORICAL GROWTH PERFORMANCE

FEDRAL BUREAU OF STATISTICS
6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1960's 1970's 1980,s 1990's 2000's

AGRICULTURAL GROWTH
year 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 percentage 2.4 6.5 6.3 4.1 1.0 4.0 2.0

AGRICULTURAL GROWTH
FEDRAL BUREAU OF STATISTICS
7 6 5 4

3
2 1 0 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10

GOVERNMENT STRATEGY

Govt. new growth strategy to enhance growth in this sector by following,

1. Facilitating agricultural productivity

2. Sustainable environment 3. Increasing competitiveness in agricultural market and trade 4. Provide friendly climate for investments.

FIVE YEAR PLAN

The 10th five year plan also improved productivity and profitability in this sector. Rs 8.8 billion to be allocated for Agriculture Sector. While 4.9% growth rate in agriculture sector in eight five year plan was targeted but its performance remained questionable.

TARGETED PRODUCTION IN AGRICULTURE BY 10TH FIVE YEAR PLAN

Agricultural production Wheat (million tons) Rice (million tons)

By year 2010 25 5.9

Till 2015 30 7.5

MINISTRY OF NATIONAL FOOD SECURITY AND RESEARCH PLANS

A new ministry namely Ministry of National Food Security and Research has been established assigning the critical federal level functions of the devolved ministry.

Realizing the food security concern and coordinating food production. Main focus ensuring food availability through boosting domestic food production. It is in coordination with provincial agriculture and livestock department.

CONT.

Ministry of national food security and research plan launching zero hunger program (ZHP) that includes; 1. Evolve a comprehensive National Food Security Strategy 2. Evolving an efficient and equitable system of food procurement, storage and distribution to ensure that food is available at affordable prices 3. Ensuring adequate supply of food ` 4. Improving the access of poor households to food by adopting a pro-poor growth strategy

RECENT PERFORMANCE

During 2012-13, agriculture sector exhibited a growth of 3.3 percent on the back of positive growth in agriculture related sub sectors; 1. Crops grew 2. Livestock 3. Forestry 4. Fishing 3.2% 3.7% 0.1% 0.7%

AGRICULTURE RELATED SUB SECTORS

%age growth by federal bureau of statistics
4 3.5 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 crops livestock forestry fishing %age growth by fedral bereau of statistics

GROWTH COMPARISON WITH LAST YEAR

Important crops grew by 2.3% except cotton declined by 2.9% Important crops accounted for 25.2% of agricultural value added and has experienced growth 2.3% in FY 2012-13 against growth of 7.4% in FY 2011-12. Live stock sector has 55.4% share in agriculture and it grew by 3.7% The fishing sector grew by 0.7% against last year growth of 3.8% Forestry sector posted 0.1% growth against 1.7% last year.

TABLE AGRICULTURAL GROWTH (BASE=2005-06)

sector Agriculture 2006-07 3.4 2009-10 0.2 2012-13 3.3

Crops
1.Important crops 2.Other crops 3.Cotton Livestock Forestry Fishing

4.4
6.5 2.1 -0.8 2.8 2.7 0.4

-4.2
-3.7 -7.2 7.3 3.8 -0.1 1.4

3.2
2.3 6.7 -2.9 3.7 0.1 0.7

GRAPH
Federal bureau of statistics
5 4 3

2
1 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 2006-07 2009-10 2012-13 agriculture crops livestock forestry fishing

IMPORTANT CROPS

The important crops of Pakistan are as follows;

1. Wheat
2. Rice 3. Cotton 4. Sugarcane It account for about 5.4% to the GDP.

COTTON
Pakistan economy depends heavily on cotton crop.

It contributes by providing raw material to the textile industry

It accounts for 7.0% of value added in agriculture 1.5% to GDP In 2012-13 the crop was cultivated on an area of 2879 hectors.

the attack of thrips, white fly, and cotton leaf curl virus and especially monsoon also affected the crops in Punjab and Sindh.

AREA, PRODUCTION AND YIELD OF COTTON

Year 2008-09 Area (hectors) 2820 Production (bales) 11819

2009-10
2010-11 2011-12 2012-13

3106
2689 2835 2879

12914
11460 13595 13026

GRAPH
bales of cotton
14000 13500 13000 12500 12000 11500 11000 10500 10000 2008-09 2009-2010 2010-11 bales of cotton 2011-12 2012-13

WORLD COTTON PRODUCTION

SALES
china 22%

Australian

Pakistan

other 21%
pakistan 9% australia 4% turkey 4% Australian 6%

SUGAR CANE

Occupies important position in national economy Provide raw material to clip board, paper and ethanol Share a value in agriculture and GDP is 3.2 and 0.7%

Cultivated on area of 1124 thousand hectors.

Production for sugar cane reported for year 2012-13 is 62.5 million against target 59.5 million.

AREA AND PRODUCTION OF SUGARCANE

Year 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13

Area (hectors) 1029 943 988 1058 1124

Production (tons) 50045 49373 55309 58397 62472

GRAPH
production (tons)
70000 60000 50000 40000 30000 20000 10000 0 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 production (tons) 2011-12 2012-13

RICE
Important cash crop of the country

Comprises 40% of basmati (fine type) and 60% of coarse type.

Rank second among Pakistan grain crop Major source of foreign exchange earning recent years Rice accounts for 2.7% of value added and 0.6% of GDP

Rice sowing area is estimated 5541 thousand hectors against targeted 6900 thousand hectors beck of monsoon rains .

AREA AND PRODUCTION OF RICE

Year 2008-09 Area (hectors) 2963 Production (tons) 6952

2009-10
2010-11 2011-12 2010-13

2883
2365 2571 2311

6883
4823 6160 5541

GRAPH
Production (tons)
8000 7000 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 0 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 Series 1 2011-12 2012-13

WHEAT AND MAIZE

WHEAT is essential diet of pop:

Contributes 10.1%to the value added in agriculture and 2.2% in GDP Area under wheat increased 8693 thousand hectors against 8650 thousand hectors

MAIZE

important crop that contributes 2.2% to the value added in agriculture and 0.5% to GDP

Cultivated on an area of 1085 hectors 2012-13 less 0.2% against 1087 thousand hectors.

AREA AND PRODUCTION FOR WHEAT

Year 2008-09 Area (hectors) 9046 Production (tons) 24033

2009-10
2010-11 2011-12 2012-13

9132
8901 8850 8693

23311
25214 23473 24231

AREA AND PRODUCTION FOR MAIZE

Year 2008-09 Area (hectors) 1052 Production (tons) 3593

2009-10
2010-11 2011-12 2012-13

935
974 1087 1085

3261
3707 4338 4631

GRAPHS FOR WHEAT AND MAIZE

Production (tons)
30000 25000 20000 15000 10000 5000 0 2008-09 2009-10 wheat 2010-11 maize 2011-12 2012-13

OTHER CROPS

During 2012-13 the production of gram, the largest rabi pulses crop in Pakistan stood at 673 thousand tones against 284 thousand tons.
Showing increase about 137.0% due to increase in area and weather condition This is in contrast to other crops like jawar, rapeseed, mustard, barley and tobacco a decline in production of 10.9%, 6.7%, 6.1% and 0.1% up 2012-13.

AREA AND PRODUCTION YEAR 2012-13

Crop Bajra Area 408 Production 310

Jawar
Gram Barley Mustard

197
985 71 45

122
673 62 97

OILSEED

The major oil seed crops include cottonseed, sunflower, canola and mustard. Cotton seed contributes 50 to 60 % to local edible oil production Year 2012-13 total availability of oil was 2.748 million tons and local production remained 0.636 million tons While imports wave 2.148 million tons. The imports bills during 2011-12 stood at rs 216.4 billion.

AREA AND PRODUCTION

Crops Cottonseed Area (acres) 7143 Production (tons) 407

Mustard
Sunflower Canola

452
700 30

51
144 10

GRAPH
production
450 400

350
300 250

200
150 100

50
0 cottonseed mustard production sunflower canola

OTHER

The production of chilies and potatoes increased by 218.4 percent and 11%. The production of masoor, onion, mung , mash decreased by 11.8%, 9.8%, 4.0% and 2.8% Increase in the area of chilies by 128.8%

IRRIGATION

Water is an important input to achieve agricultural growth.

Pakistans irrigation canal network is good but the monsoon rain and flood during the cultivating and harvesting season changes things unexpectedly. To address water issues, New Growth Strategy adopted an integrated water resources management approach in 2012-13 Its basic aim was to encourage investment in the water sector to achieve additional water storage and ; Reorganization for effective and responsive institutional reforms.

MAIN WATER SECTORS PUBLIC AND PRIVATE INVESTMENT AREAS ARE ;

Augmentation of surface water resources by construction of water storage, small/medium dams. Conservation measures by lining of irrigation channels and watercourses, modernization of irrigation systems and efficient operation of the existing systems. Protection of infrastructure from onslaught of floods and water logging and salinity. It is expected that PRs 35.0 billion would be utilized in the water sector program in year 2012-13.

LIVE STOCK AND POULTRY.

Live stock has a unique position in National Agenda of Economic Development and provides net source of foreign earnings.
Livestock is considered a source of income generation rurally, helping to reduce income variability. It is important for the rural poor of the country , can play an important part in poverty alleviation and uplift the socio-economic conditions of the rural masses. Livestocks contribution to the agricultural sector is 55.4% and the National GDP is 11.9% in 2012-13. Last year it was 55.3% and 11.9% in the agricultural sector and National GDP, respectively.

THE LIVESTOCK POPULATION FOR THE LAST THREE YEARS IS GIVEN BELOW
Species Cattle 2010-11 35.6 2011-12 36.9 2012-13 38.3

Buffalo
Sheep Goat Camel Horses Mules

31.7
28.1 61.5 1.0 0.4 0.2

32.7
28.4 63.1 1.0 0.4 0.2

33.7
28.8 64.9 1.0 0.4 0.2

THE MAJOR PRODUCT OF LIVESTOCK ARE MILK AND MEAT WHICH FOR THE LAST THREE YEARS IS GIVEN BELOW. Species Milk(Gross Production) 2010-11 46440 2011-12 47951 2012-13 49512

Cow
Buffalo Sheep Goat

16133
28649 36 759

16741
29565 37 779

17372
30462 37 801

Camel
Milk(human consumption) Cow

818
37475 12906

829
38690 13393

840
39945 13897

Buffalo
Sheep Goat Camel

22955
36 759 818

23652
37 779 829

24370
37 801 840

Meat
Beef Mutton

3095
1711 616

3232
1769 629

3379
1829 643

POULTRY

Poultry sector is one of the most organized and vibrant segments of Pakistan's agricultural industry.
This sector generates employment(direct/indirect) and income for about 1.5 million people. Its contribution in agriculture is 5.76 %, livestock 10.4% and in GDP at 1.2%. Poultry meat contributes 26.8 percent of the total meat production in the country and has shown a growth at 7.8% annually which shows its inherent potential. The poultry value added has increased from PRs 113465 million in 2011-12 to PRs 121726 million in 2012-13 showing an increase of 7.3%.

 Poultry Development policy ensures sustainable supply of wholesome poultry meat, eggs to the local and international markets keeping the prices competitive. The strategy revolves around :
a) improving the regulatory framework, b) disease control and genetic improvement in rural poultry, c) high tech poultry production under environmentally controlled housing, d) processing and improving bio security, e) need based research and development and ; f) farmers training and education.