ENGLISH I

General Instructional Objective:

(Bahasa Inggris Teknik) Goals

Students are able to communicate their ideas or opinions by using simple principles of English sentences in their daily live activities communicatively -Students are able to understand the simple principles of English sentences -Students are able to produce or apply the formulas on expressing their ideas or opinions -Students are able to create more creative sentences based on the formulas -Students are able to share communicative sentences to one another correctly and communicatively

Specific Instructional Objectives:

TENSES
There are eight Tenses that we are going to learn for talking about science and technology cases; and they are divided into three major tenses:

1. Present Tenses 2. Past Tenses 3. Future Tenses

Present Tenses
Simple Present
Subject + Verb 1 (+es/s) + (Object/Adverbs/Adjective)
Examples: You eat an apple everyday She goes to school

Subject + do/does + not + Verb 1 + (Object/Adverbs)

Examples: You do not eat an apple everyday She does not go to school

Do/Does + Subject + Verb 1 + (Object/Adverbs)?

Examples: Do you eat an apple everyday? Does she go to school?

Present Tenses
Present Continuous
Subject + is, am, are + Verb-ing + (Obj/Adv/Adj)
Examples: Siti is studying English now I am playing in the yard They are writing a poem

Subject + is, am, are + not + Verb-ing + (Obj/Adv/Adj)

Examples: Siti is not studying English now I am not playing in the yard They are not writing a poem Examples: Is Siti studying English now? Am I playing in the yard? Are they writing a poem?

Is, Am, Are + Subject + Verb-ing + (Obj/Adv/Adj)?

Present Tenses
Present Perfect
Subject + have/has + Verb 3 + (Obj/Adv/Adj)
Examples: We have done the homework for 2 hours He has played cards since 9 P. M

Subject + have/has + not + Verb 3 + (Obj/Adv/Adj)

Examples: We have not done the homework for 2 hours He has not played cards since 9 P. M

Have/Has + Subject + Verb 3 + (Obj/Adv/Adj)?

Examples: Have we done the homework for 2 hours? Has he played cards since 9 P. M?

 Simple Present

Usage

It is used for expressing daily activities or habitual actions; or general truths Examples: I take a bath at 6 in the morning The sun rises at the east

Present Continuous

It is used for expressing the action that is happening now, at this time or at present.
Example: We are studying English

Present Perfect

It is used for expressing an action that has happened in the past but still happening now.
Examples: You and I have eaten for half an hour

Assignment
Telling about: Daily activities (in a day) Something is going on today Things I have done for my future

Past Tenses
Simple Past
Subject + Verb 2 + (Object/Adverbs/Adjective) Examples: You ate an apple yesterday She went to school Subject + did + not + Verb 1 + (Object/Adverbs) Examples: You did not eat an apple yesterday She did not go to school Did + Subject + Verb 1 + (Object/Adverbs)? Examples: Did you eat an apple everyday? Did she go to school?

Past Tenses
Past Continuous
Subject + was/were + Verb-ing + (Obj/Adv/Adj) Examples: Siti was studying when he came I was playing cards at this time yesterday They were writing while she was sleeping Subject + was/were + not + Verb-ing + (Obj/Adv/Adj) Examples: Siti was not studying when he came I was not playing at this time yesterday They were not writing while she was sleeping Was/Were + Subject + Verb-ing + (Obj/Adv/Adj)? Examples: Was Siti studying when he came? Were they writing while she was sleeping?

Past Tenses
Past Perfect
Subject + had + Verb 3 + (Obj/Adv/Adj) Examples: Siti had studied English last year I had played cards before went to school
Subject + had + not + Verb 3 + (Obj/Adv/Adj) Examples: Siti had not studied English I had not played yesterday Had + Subject + Verb 3 + (Obj/Adv/Adj)? Examples: Had Siti studied English before went abroad? Had they written a letter last night?

Usage
Simple Past
It is used for expressing an action that happened in the past
Example: I did my homework last night

Past Continuous

1. It is used for expressing an action that was happening in the past

Example: I was doing my homework when he came

2. It is used for expressing an action that was happening on a specific point of time in the past
Example: We were singing at 10 oclock yesterday

Usage
Past Continuous
3. It is used for expressing two actions that were happening at the same time in the past
Example: He was reading while she was sleeping

Past Perfect
It is used for expressing an action that had happened and completely done in the past
Example: I had done my homework last night

Assignment
Writing about: Past time experiences My sweetest memory My nightmare

Future Tenses
Simple Future
Subject + will/shall + Verb 1 + (Obj/Adv/Adj)
Examples: They will go to the market tomorrow She shall go to the doctor next week

Future of Intention
Subject + to be + going to + Verb 1 + (Obj/Adv/Adj)
Examples: We are going to do our homework tonight John is going to fix the radio later

 Simple Future

Usage

It is used for expressing an action that will happen in the future, but it is not really going to be happened according to the meaning of:
Dina has lots of money. She will buy a new house. She will buy some new clothes. She will buy a new car. She will go to Bali, etc. I will fly to Australia two months later

Sapto has a very bad stomached. His friend says that he shall go to the doctor, or he shall take some medicines

Will shows: telling plan and something that has been scheduled. Shall shows: giving advice or suggestion.

Usage
Future of Intention
It is used for showing our intention on doing something, or
Example: What ever will be, I am going to do my homework tonight.

Showing certainty of something that is going to be happened and no one can prevent it.
Examples: He is going to sneeze Those cars are going to crash!

Assignment
Make a group of three members Each member should give a problem, and they should give a kind of suggestion to solve the problem; or Each member should express his/her plan on doing some things,

Finally, they will retell what the member will/shall do to each other.

References
Basic Grammar Grammar and Composition Grammar in Action