Francisco Jos Gonzlez Velsquez Nick Osuna Roa Leonardo Fabio Paz

Licenciatura en Lengua Inglesa Universidad de San Buenaventura

ETHNOGRAPHY
A qualitative research methodology

Definition
Its the study of social interactions, behaviours, and perceptions that occur within groups, teams, organisations, and communities.

Definition
Its a social science research method. It relies heavily on up close, personal experience, and possible participation not just on observation by trained researcher in ethnography.

Purpose
Its aim is to provide rich, holistic insights into peoples views and actions, as well as the nature of the location they inhabit, through the collection of detailed observations and interviews.

Key features of ethnographic research

A strong emphasis on exploring the nature of a particular social phenomenon, rather than setting out to test hypotheses about it

Key features of ethnographic research

A tendency to work primarily with unstructured data that is, data that have not been coded at the point of data collection.

Key features of ethnographic research

Investigation of a small number of cases (perhaps even just one case) in detail

Key features of ethnographic research

Analysis of data that involves explicit interpretation of the meanings and functions of human actions; the product of this analysis primarily takes the form of verbal descriptions and explanations

Observational dimensions in ethnographic studies

SpacePhysical layout of the place(s)

Observational dimensions in ethnographic studies

ActorRange of people involved

Observational dimensions in ethnographic studies

ActivityA set of related activities that occur

Observational dimensions in ethnographic studies

ObjectThe physical things that are present

Observational dimensions in ethnographic studies

ActSingle actions people undertake

Observational dimensions in ethnographic studies

EventActivities that people carry out

Observational dimensions in ethnographic studies

TimeThe sequencing of events that occur

Observational dimensions in ethnographic studies

GoalThings that people are trying to accomplish

Observational dimensions in ethnographic studies

FeelingEmotions felt and expressed

Pros
Ability to examine complex cultural phenomena

Pros
Holistic perspective and tendency to identify diverse aspects of culture.

Cons
Should it focus specifically or universally?

Cons
Validity of the reports

Cons
Trained researcher in Ethnography

Cons
A lot of time in the study field

Cons
High economic cost

Ethnographic Study: ON-LINE LEARNING IN SECOND LANGUAGE CLASSROOMS

Mark Warschauer

2-years ethnographic study of on-line learning in four college language and writing classrooms in Hawaii.

ON-LINE LEARNING IN SECOND LANGUAGE CLASSROOMS

Sociocultural Context

Implementation of new technologies varied from classroom to classroom, influenced by the institutional context and the particular beliefs of each individual teacher.

ON-LINE LEARNING IN SECOND LANGUAGE CLASSROOMS

Summary and Conclusions

For electronic learning activities to be most purposeful and effective, they should be learner-centered

ON-LINE LEARNING IN SECOND LANGUAGE CLASSROOMS

Summary and Conclusions

with students having control over their planning and implementation

ON-LINE LEARNING IN SECOND LANGUAGE CLASSROOMS

Summary and Conclusions

be tied to make real difference in the world or in the students place in it

ON-LINE LEARNING IN SECOND LANGUAGE CLASSROOMS

Summary and Conclusions

and provide them an opportunity to explore and express their evolving identity.

Fuentes
Warschauer, M. (2000). Online learning in second language classrooms: An ethnographic study. In M. Warschauer and R. Kern (Eds.), Networkbased language teaching: concepts and practice (pp. 41-58). New York: Cambridge University Press

Fuentes
Reeves, S. , and others (2008). Qualitative research methodologies: ethnography. In BMJ 2008;337:a1020 (pp. 512-514).