Excel 2010

Formula in Excel
Formulas are equations that perform calculations on values in a worksheet. A formula always starts with an equal sign (=). Microsoft Office Excel follows the standard order of mathematical operations. Example:
=5+2 --- results 7.

Formula with Functions

A formula can also be created by using a function which is a prewritten formula that takes a value, performs an operation and returns a value . Example: =SUM(D1, D2)

Formula
A formula can contains:
Function Constants Reference Operators
Constants

Function

Operator

Reference

Handling Text
Text Functions:
PROPER LOWER UPPER MID TRIM LEN

 PROPER:
Capitalizes the first letter in a text. Converts all other letters to lowercase letters. SYNTAX: PROPER(text) Example: PROPER(this is a TiTle) Output: This Is A Title

 LOWER:
Converts all uppercase letters in a text string to lowercase. SYNTAX: LOWER(text) Example: LOWER(This is A TITLE) Output: this is a title

 UPPER:
Converts all letters in a text string to uppercase. SYNTAX: UPPER(text) Example: UPPER(This is A TITLE) Output: THIS IS A TITLE

 MID:
Returns specified numbers of characters starting from a start index from a text string. SYNTAX: MID(text, start_index, num_chars) Example: MID(This is A TITLE, 3, 5) Output: is is

 TRIM:
Returns text with removed leading and trailing spaces from a text string. SYNTAX: TRIM(text) Example: TRIM( This is A TITLE ) Output: This is A TITLE

 LEN:
Returns numbers of characters in a text string. SYNTAX: LEN(text) Example: LEN (This is A TITLE) Output: 15

Handling Numbers
Numbers can be handled using the operators (+, -, *, /) or using functions.
Ex: =A2 + A3 A4*B2 / B3

Math Functions:
SUM PRODUCT AVERAGE POWER

 SUM:
Adds the numbers specified in arguments SYNTAX: SUM(number1, *number2+,.) Example: SUM(3,4) 7 SUM(3, 4, TRUE) 8 SUM(A2:A6)

 PRODUCT:
Multiply the numbers specified in arguments SYNTAX: PRODUCT(number1, *number2+,.) Example: PRODUCT(3,4) 12 PRODUCT(3, 4, TRUE) 12 PRODUCT(A2:A6)

 AVERAGE:
Calculates the average of the numbers specified in arguments SYNTAX: AVERAGE(number1, *number2+,.) Example: AVERAGE(6,4) 12 AVERAGE(4, 4, TRUE) 3 AVERAGE(A2:A6)

 POWER:
Returns the result of a number raised to a power. SYNTAX: POWER(number, power) Example: POWER(3,2) 9 POWER(3,TRUE) 3

VLOOKUP Function
Searches the first column of a range of cells for a value, and then return a value from any cell on the same row of the range. Syntax: VLOOKUP(lookup_value, table_array, col_index_num, [range_lookup])
lookup_value: value to search in first column table_array: range of cells of data col_index_num: col no. in the range from which matching value must be returned range_lookup:
TRUE approximate match. FALSE exact match

 Example: VLOOKUP(3, A1:B7,2, FALSE) TUESDAY

PivotTable
A PivotTable report is an interactive way to quickly summarize large amounts of data. Useful to summarize, analyse, explore, and present summary data. Designed for:
Subtotalling and aggregating numeric data, summarizing data by categories and subcategories Expanding and collapsing levels of data. Moving rows to columns or columns to rows Etc.