4G Mobile Technology Towards Open Architecture and Open Spectrum

Prof. Willie W. Lu, Ph.D Former Stanford Professor & Advisor of FCC-TAC Chairman & Executive Director, USCWC Independent Advisor & Examiner, EU/US/China/CA/etc. E-mail : wwlu@ieee.org

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Commercial Mobile Communications Laws

1. No single Radio Transmission Technology (RTT or Wireless Standard) can do both broadband high-speed and seamless mobility
2. Low cost, high performance, easy to use, efficient spectrum utilization are key issues for market acceptance 3. The mobile device is evolving from a traditional transmissions-specific radio system to the future interface-base system. This future mobile terminal will be relying on Open Wireless Architecture (OWA) platform for complete openness and simplicity

Requirements for Mobile Internet Terminal (MIT)

Open Wireless Architecture (OWA) in System Architecture supporting adaptive multiple RTTS Open Spectrum Planning and Management at least supporting dynamic spectrum allocation Affordability in services and applications low cost though not cheap

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We have fundamental problem in the existing wireless communication architecture, and need to reshape the industry based on open architecture!

Summary in Advance
4G can support high-speed (up to 100Mbps), but high-speed is not 4G 4G will focus on Open Wireless Architecture (OWA) technology instead of purely high-speed transmission Mobile WiMAX can NOT support seamless mobility, but is OK for nomadic or limited mobility TD-SCDMA has many technical issues to be solved: Network Optimization and Further R&D will take at least ten years Wireless Mobile Internet will face big challenge if the underlying wireless transmission architecture is not open Open spectrum planning is relying on optimal modeling of digital GPS map and digital spectrum map of the service area

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Governments Role in China Wireless/Mobile Industry

GSM

WLAN/BWA

TD-SCDMA

China Long-Term Evolution

TD-OFDMA

OWA
One Device One Number One Dream

Missions and Objectives

Open system architecture Open spectrum planning Open OS and Application platform

Truly Users Phone, not Provider or Vendors Phone

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Next Billion Users to Come from Emerging Markets

Subscriber Penetration Rate
Population
90 80 70 60 100

398 M 341 M 128 M

1,048 M

1,337 M

1,142 M

1,432 M

More than 3 billion people live within wireless coverage but cannot afford it.

50 40 30 20 10 0

No Single Wireless Standard can do both broadband high-speed and seamless mobility.

-- Willie W. Lu

Latin America

China

India

Africa, ME North JapanW. Europe & Australia America

Source: iSuppli, 1Q06

2005

2010
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Whats 4G Mobile Technologies

Open Wireless Architecture (OWA)
Cost-effective and spectrum-effective high speed wireless transmission

4G can support high-speed transmission, but High-speed is NOT 4G

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Wireless Standards Complexity Multiples

ANY DEVICE

SEAMLESS CONNECTIVITY

ANY NETWORK

Cellular
UMTS EDGE GPRS GSM A-GPS 802.16d

HSDPA
HSUPA 802.11b 802.11g Bluetooth

3.9G 4G 802.11a 802.11n RFID

WMAN
802.16e

Navigation
Galileo

WLAN

Broadcast DTV
DVB-H FM ISDB-T DMB

WPAN
UWB

Broadcast Radio
HD DAB

ANY WHERE

ANY TIME

Without open wireless architecture, the wireless industry will be totally messed-up
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Single Global Standard is IMPOSSIBLE

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Typical Cell Phone Block Diagram Path to OWA

LNA
PA RX

Synth
TX

Radio
CODEC

Digital Baseband Logic

Memory

User
Interface

Passives
SiGe BICMOS Discrete Passives: SAW Filters, etc.

Power Management
Hi Voltage Deep Submicron Digital

Analog CMOS

FLASH EEPROM

Cost/area/interface are key goals We need open architecture to define open interfaces between modules
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Display

Audio

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Power Consumption of a Traditional Multimedia Mobile Phone Need Revolution in Architecture

FM -Radio D-TV wLAN BT Display Camera
Input Device SDRAM ARM DSP HW-Acc SRAM ARM DSP HW-Acc SRAM

Application SW OS Prot. Stack

Average Power Consumption

Modem

MM Chip

GPS Antennas, RF ANALOG

Audio Codec BB Regulators Power Mgmt

(GSM/GPRS/EDGE W-CDMA/..)

Mem Card

Flash

Flash

Cellular modem and RF amplifier Application processor Memories UI (including display with backlight) Audio Other (BT, IrDA, Energy mgmt. etc.) Total

1200 mW 600 mW 200 mW 300 mW 300 mW 400 mW 3000 mW

Power consumption at the system and processor level is becoming a dominant concern as we evolve toward integrated modem + applications processors !
Y. Neuvo, Exec. VP, Nokia, 2004 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference 2004 IEEE

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ICT Open Architecture Law

The reason we had Apple Computer is because it defined the Open Computer Architecture, The reason we had Cisco Systems is because it defined the Open Network Architecture, The world is at the edge to define the Open Wireless Architecture (OWA) to liberate the whole wireless industry.
Prof. Willie W. Lu, Dow Jones WI2007

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KPCBs View on Future Mobile Phone

In the Churchill Club "Top Ten Trends" on March 28th, 2007 in San Jose, John Doerr of Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers said his prediction is that the cell phone will be the next PC. Open architectured mobile phone gives consumers more choices for things to hang on their belts.
http://www.dfj.com/cgi-bin/artman/publish/article_187.shtml

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Simplicity The Life of Phone

Simplicity and Openness has become the very critical issues in designing the future mobile phone. According to Junko Yoshida, news editor of EE Times, ease of use has become a "grave issue" in engineering including mobile phone industry. Designers, she said, must "listen to the SOS from consumers". Doug Engelhart, inventor of the computer mouse, considered many options for navigation on a computer screen but chose the mouse because it tested best with users, and most importantly, for its simplicity!
http://www.eetimes.com/news/latest/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=198800518&pgno=1

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End-user interaction will evolve from many purpose-specific devices to integrated open smart environments
STAGE1 : TRADITIONAL DEVICES Individual standalone devices
Traditional Form factor e.g. phones, PC, printer Wire-based point-to-point connections e.g. PC to printer

STAGE2 : DEVICE BOOM

Non-traditional device proliferation Integrated voice / data services Different devices for distinct market segments

4
STAGE4 : TRULY OPEN SMART ENVIRONMENT by OWA
Full network integration e.g. power, copper, cable, all wireless Single command & control device e.g. voice, gestures (cameras / sensors) Self-learning intelligence, virtual agents

Penetration

STAGE3: INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENT

Broadband availability All integrated entertainment / voice / data services No-wires (fully portable) network Devices interact with each other

2
1
2000 (Today) 2003

Voice Data Video

2005

2010

Time (for these to be pervasive)

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OWA Enables Personal Communications Back to Life Again

@ office

Voice / Corporate Network

Wireless Voice / Multimedia

In-flight Voice / Internet

Wireless
Data / Corporate / Personal

@ home Voice / Internet / IPTV

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A True iPhone should comprise: 1. Service-oriented mobility platform rather than wireless standardspecific platform 2. High spectrum utilization efficiency

3. Enhanced security features

4. Open wireless air interfaces

Thats relying on Open Wireless Architecture (OWA) technology

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The Future Services Environment with underlying OWA Layer

Enterprise
Service Providers Data Center Factory / Warehouse Digital Homes

Internet
Digital Cities

Digital Office Mobile Workforce

Digital Offices (SMB)

Mobile Consumers & Workforces

Service - Oriented Architecture Service - Oriented Infrastructure

Open Wireless Architecture (OWA)

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End-To-End (E2E) IP Mobile Network

r

GW

Global IP Network (Internet)

Open Wireless Architecture (OWA) across wireless and wireline

LAN xDSL

End to End IP

Handset

Smartphone

Personal Intelligent Communicator

PCMCIA-Card Phone

Notebook

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QoS Framework for OWA E2E-IP Mobile Networks

End-to-End QoS (IntServ/DiffServ Mix) IntServ DiffServ IntServ

Network Edge

Network Core

Network Edge

Mobile Host

Leaf Router
Core Router

Leaf Router

Application Server

QoS API

OWA RTT

RSVP OWA Classification/ Classification/ Shaping

IPv6 Transport All-IP Personal Communications

RSVP OWA Classification/ Shaping/Marking

QoS API

Shaping/Marking

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4G Smartphone Separate OS with RTT

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4G Smartphone for Open MM Applications

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Open Baseband Processing Platform

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OWA Multi-band Transceiver

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OWA Product Definition (RF, BB, NET, OS, APP)

W-LAN/WCDMA/BT 3-in-1

GSM/WiMax/TD-SCDMA 3-in-1
Cdma2000/W-LAN/WIMAX 3-in-1 WiMax/cdma2000/MIMO 3-in-1 GSM/GPRS/UMTS/WLAN/WIMAX 5-in-1
Products change every 18 months, but architectures never change in at least 20 years
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Interoperable Open Radio Access Technologies Provide Optimal Response to End User Needs

GPRS GSM Satellite

EDGE WIMAX

UMTS FDD (W-CDMA)

UMTS TDD (TD-SCDMA)

PWLAN -Best for Spectrum Management Access vs. Mobile Spectrum Sharing Spectrum Recycling

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Open Convergence The Key for New Mobile Value Chain

Mobile Data Value Chain Applications and Content are the Main Challenges and Opportunities in the New Mobile Data Value Chain
Telecommunication Value Chain traditional traditional

New!

Network Equipment

Network Operation

Middleware

Applications

Content

Terminal Equipment

Service provision

Application Value Chain Requirement assessment Application design Application prototyping Implementation Application provision Growth opportunities for OWA players appear with new applications and content business

Content Value Chain Content creation

Content management

Content publishing/ provision

Context establishment (Portal)

Source: Siemens

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4G Investment Hotspots
Open Application & OS Platform

Open RF & Antenna

Terminal Power

Spectrum Management

Open Network Core

4G
Radiation & Safety

OWA
Module Control
Open Signal Processing

Security

Access Control

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Founder of OWA Mobile Phone Technology

The future mobile phone can basically support any wireless standards by inserting different wireless interface SIM cards or multiple interfaces in one SIM card
---- referred to LU Model in the industry

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For more 4G technical issues, visit: 9th WWC-4G Summit in San Jose, May 14-15 at: 4Gsummit.com or other 4G mobile events at: 4Gmobile.com

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