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STRUCTURE……
& FUNCTION
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08/20/09
Introduction
All living things are made of cells
Cells are made up of organelles which are
structured to perform specific jobs needed
for life: cells are basic units of structure
and functions of life
Cells always originate from other cells,
however the first cells are thought to have
formed from organic chemicals present in
the harsh conditions of early earth.
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Agenda
Learning about the parts of the cell:
Tonight: Read chapter 4 in science text
“Cells and Heredity”, p 73-87 for homework.
Focus in on section 4.2 Objectives
You should be able to:
Describe the structure of a cell
Explain the functions of the cell’s organelles
Compare and contrast plant and animal cells
Construct a table that shows understanding of cell
functions and structure
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08/20/09
Vocabulary
Cell- The basic unit of structure and
function in living things
Organelle: a tiny part of a cell which has a
special form and function
Tissue: a group of cells working together
to perform a life function
Organ: a group of tissues working together
to form a life function
Organism: A LIVING THING
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08/20/09
Cell Wall: the “skeleton” of
plants
Only found around the
outside of Plant cells
Structure: Made of a
complex fibrous
carbohydrate called
CELLULOSE
Structure: Dense,
strong
Function: Keeps plant
cells upright and
protects them from
Drying
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08/20/09
Cell Membrane:
the“gatekeeper”
Structure: double
layer of lipid molecules
with proteins among
the lipids
Function: It protects
inside of cell from
environment and
controls what can enter
or leave the cell.
“the gatekeeper”means
it allows some things
in/out, but not others
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Nucleus: the “control center”
Structure: Its contents are
contained by the nuclear
membrane
Structure: large dark staining
area
Function: Contains
Chromosomes, which are made
off DNA (deoxyribonucleic
acid). DNA contains the
information about how the cell
can construct the proteins
needed by that organism.
Function: Messenger RNA
(ribonucleic acid), located in
the nucleus, will copy parts of
the DNA ,as needed, then travel
out of the nucleus to where a
protein is to be made.
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08/20/09
Cytoplasm: the “happening
place”
Structure: consistency
of hair gel
Structure: made mostly
of water
Function: the location of
many chemical reactions
and organelles in cells
Function: “stuffing” for
cells (fills up volume of
cell membrane “bag”)
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08/20/09
Major Organelles to learn about
Ribosomes “protein factories
Mitochondria “power plants”
Endoplasmic reticulum “highways”
Lysosomes “suicide sacs”
Vacuoles “storage depots”
Golgi Bodies “Mailboxes Etc”
Plants: Animals
Have plastids:
Have centrioles
CHLOROPLASTS
Have Have many
cell walls
Have 1-2 large
smaller vacuoles
vacuoles
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08/20/09
Differences Between Plant and
Animal Cells-function
Plants: Animals
Need to make their
Need to capture
own food by the
process of and ingest or
PHOTOSYNTHESIS absorb food
Have to be able to
access sunlight to
particles
make food-cell walls Centrioles are
and hydrostatic involved in cell
pressure of
cytoplasm help hold division
them upright
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08/20/09
Summary: Can You??
Describe the structure of a cell
Explain the functions of the cell’s organelles
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08/20/09
Where to Get More Information
Bio4 kids:
http://www.biology4kids.com/files/cell_main.html
Three Dimensional cell:
http://www.cs.brown.edu/stc/outrea/greenhouse/nurse
Cells Alive! http://www.cellsalive.com/toc.
htm
Virtual cell:
http://www.life.uiuc.edu/plantbio/cell/
life science safari:
http://vilenski.org/science/safari/menu/index.html
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08/20/09