TRAINING AND

DEVELOPMENT
 Learning Objectives
• Define training and development
• Explain factors influencing T&D
• Describe the T&D process and how
training needs are determined and
objectives established
• Identify the various T&D methods
 Training and Development:
Definitions
• Training - Designed to provide learners
with the knowledge and skills needed for
their present jobs

• Development - Involves learning that

goes beyond today's job
Training and Development
TRAINING DEVELOPMENT
• Workers • Executives
• Current job • Current and future
jobs
• Management driven • Individual driven
• Specific job related • General knowledge
information
Changes Affecting Training
and Development
• Changes in organizational
structure
• Changes in technology
• Need for more highly skilled
workers
• Changes in workforce
• Increased emphasis on learning
organizations
 Factors Influencing
Training and
Development
• Top management support
• Technological advances
• Organizational complexity
• Learning principles
• Other human resource functions
• Line managers
 The Training and
Development Process
• Determine T&D needs
• Establish specific objectives
• Select T&D method(s)
• Implement T&D programs
• Evaluate T&D programs
 Determining Training
and Development Needs

• Organizational
Analysis
• Task Analysis
• Person Analysis
Establishing Training
and Development
Objectives
• Desired end results
• Clear and concise objectives
must be formulated
 Training and Development
Methods (On the job)
• Coaching and • Internships
mentoring • Job Rotation
• Job instruction
training (JIT)
• Apprenticeship
Training
 Training and Development
Methods (Off-the job)
• Web-based Training: • Simulators
The Internet, • Vestibule Training
Intranets
• Corporate
• Case Study Universities
• Videotapes • Colleges
• In-basket Training • Role Playing
• Business Games Distance Learning
• Sensitivity Training Videoconferencing
 Implementing Human
Resource Development
Programs
• Often difficult
• Many managers are action-oriented
• Feel they are too busy to engage in
T&D efforts
• Qualified trainers must be available
• Requires a high degree of creativity
 Training evaluation
• Reactions
• Questionnaires
• Test and retest
• Experiment group and control group
• Cost benefit analysis
Orientation
• Initial T&D effort
designed for
employees
• Guided adjustment
of new employees
Purposes of Orientation
• Employment situation
• Company policies and rules
• Compensation and benefits
• Corporate culture
• Team membership
• Employee development
• Dealing with change
• Socialization