INFORMATION SYSTEMS DESIGN

The Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC)

Systems
Systems

Planning
Analysis
Planning Evolution Analysis

Systems
Systems

Design

Implementation
Implementation Design

Systems

Evolution

System Model with its Six Compone

SYSTEM
boundary inputs feedback outputs

processing

controls

Examples: Automobile Student Registration Syst Others...

3

SYSTEMS DESIGN

data

people

An AUTOMATED INFORMATION SYSTEM IS a type of fabricated system used by one or more persons to help people accomplish some task or assignment that they have utilizes hardware and software

software

procedures

hardware

SYSTEMS DESIGN
DATA FUNCTIONS

An AUTOMATED INFORMATION SYSTEM has three basic relationships to consider

BEHAVIOR

DATA - input, output or already stored electronically

FUNCTIONS - transformations or actions taken BEHAVIOR - the observable effects from

General Model of Information Systems Development (Partnership)

Stakeholder Requirements (1) Information System (6)

Continued Involvement (5)

Analysis

Requirements Specification (3)

Design and Implementation

Problem Definition Skills (2)

Problem Solution Skills (4) Information Technology Staff

Systems Analysis and Design Activities and Deliverables

DESIGN ANALYSIS Activities: Systems Planning Feasibility Study (optional) Requirements Determination User Acceptance Prototyping (optional) Deliverables: Requirements Specification Prototype (optional) Activities: Physical Design Prototyping (optional) Software Construction/Purchase User Documentation - Deliverable Testing Training User Acceptance Conversion Implementing the system Deliverable: Information System

Two on-going activities

Project Management Project Documentation - Scaffolding

SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLE (SDLC

Planning
Analysis Design

Feasibility

Study (optional) Requirements Determination Conceptual Design Physical Design Construction and/or Purchase (prototype) Training Conversion - old to new Implementation Evolution - maintenance &

8 In addition: User acceptance, documentation, project manageme

SYSTEMS DESIGN ACTIVITIES

Economic, Operational & Technical Feasibility

Security Issues

Make

(in-house versus outsource) versus

Buy

Documentation

1 of 3

INFORMATION SYSTEMS TESTING LAYERS

User Acceptance System and Integration Sub-system Function Module

Alpha & Beta tests

Creeping Commitment

2 of 3

SYSTEMS DESIGN ACTIVITIES

User-Interface Prototyping

Design (GUI design)

Training
Conversion

- cutover and parallel - install, activate,

3 of 3

Implementation

institutionalize

Verification and Validation*

Verification: The process of evaluating a system or component to determine whether the products of a given phase satisfy the conditions imposed at the start of that phase. (Mainly a paper-based activity that requires you to confirm that each stage of the development conforms to the requirements defined in the previous stage.) Validation: The process of evaluating a system or component during or at the end of the development process to determine whether it satisfies specified requirements. (Mainly a confirmation that the implemented system/component actually works to specification.)

OBJECT-ORIENTED SYSTEMS DESIGN

Information System Model

Human Interaction (HI)

Problem Domain (PD)

(created during analysis; refined during design)

Data Management (DM)

System Interaction (SI)

Good strategy (technique) for developing Client-Server (n-Tier) Sy

Types of Information System Features

Log Information
(needed information) Business Problem Master/Reference Data

Conduct Business
Business Problem Transaction Data

Analyze results
Business Problem Results

Interact with other systems

Business Problem Integration

The HI to PD Relationship
Human Interaction
LogonWindow attributes services

ProblemDomain
Student

RegForCourseWin Student services

DropCourseWin Student services

studentIDNumber studentName etc...

RequestTranscriptWin Student
services

PayStudentFeesWin Student services

registerForCourse dropCourse requestTranscript payStudentFees etc...

Information System HumanInteraction Screens Reports ProblemDomain Business Problem

DataManagement
Databases

SystemInteraction
Devices Other Systems

OBJECT-ORIENTED SYSTEMS DESIGN

Human Interaction (HI)

Security/Logon
Setup

Window(s)

Windows - persistent objects

Business

Function Windows supports the human interface for the Problem Domain functionality

OBJECT-ORIENTED SYSTEMS DESIGN

Human Interaction (HI) Human Interaction
Check-InWindow CustomerWindow EmployeeWindow InventoryWindow LogonWindow PurchaseOrderWindow Sale-RentWindow VendorWindow CustomerStatusReport DailySalesRentReport InventoryStatusReport OverdueRentalItemReport OpenPurchaseOrderReport SaleRentReceiptReport

Video Store Example

Compare this list with the Video Stores PD Component

OBJECT-ORIENTED SYSTEMS DESIGN

Human Interaction
Check-InWindow CustomerWindow EmployeeWindow InventoryWindow LogonWindow PurchaseOrderWindow Sale-RentWindow VendorWindow CustomerStatusReport DailySalesRentReport InventoryStatusReport OverdueRentalItemReport OpenPurchaseOrderReport SaleRentReceiptReport
Check-InWindow attributes CustomerWindow attributes services

services

EmployeeWindow attributes services

InventoryWindow attributes services

LogonWindow attributes services

PurchaseOrderWindow attributes

services

.....plus 8 more

OBJECT-ORIENTED SYSTEMS DESIGN

Human Interaction (HI)

Who

I Know - connections &

constraints
What

I Know - attributes

What

I Do - services

OBJECT-ORIENTED SYSTEMS DESIGN

Data Management (DM)

Stores

the problem domain classes with objects that are persistent

search & storage mechanisms for all persistent classes with objects

Encapsulates

OBJECT-ORIENTED SYSTEMS DESIGN

Problem Domain
ConcessionItem Employee Game Inventory Member POLineItem PurchaseOrder RentalItem RentalTransaction SaleItem SaleRentalLineItem SalesTransaction StoreLocation Transaction VCR Vendor Video

Data Management

Problem Domain class with objects that need persistence will most often correspond directly with the DM class with objects.

ConcessionItemDM EmployeeDM GameDM MemberDM POLineItemDM PurchaseOrderDM RentalTransactionDM SaleRentalLineItemDM SalesTransactionDM StoreLocationDM VCRDM VendorDM VideoDM

Reason: Plug-and-Play concept or the Separation of Concerns conce

INFORMATION SYSTEMS DESIGN

ANALYSIS
Structured Structured Object Object Object Object

DESIGN

PROGRAMMING DATABAS

RDBMS OODBMS RDBMS Object Object OODBMS RDBMS Structured Conventional, 3rd/4th GL Structured Object Object Object Object

RDBMS Conventional, 3rd/4th GL

RDBMS Mix of Conventional/Object OODBMS OODBMS Object