PART 1: ESSENTIAL OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY

Anthony D. Sayaman

Define information System

Describe information system by identifying its components, resources and activities Describe how information system resources facilitate information processing activities

Describe the logical data elements that make-up a database and discuss the role it performs in organizing data resources in an information system Given a certain business/industry operation, describe the details of its information system activities

Describe ways and means how information systems can help support an organizations business operation, managerial decision making, and strategic-competitive advantage

Give the fundamental nature, main purpose and services of the types of information systems Conceptually associate the different type of information systems outlined above with reference to maritime industry and shipboard operation

Information technology

is the study of complementary networks of hardware and software that people and organizations use to collect, filter, process, create, and distribute data (http://en.wikipedia.org) Information systems are the software and hardware systems that support dataintensive applications(http://www.jou rnals.elsevier.com)

A computer based information system is a combination of software, hardware and telecommunications networks, which people build and later use to create, collect and distribute data.

An information system(IS) is typically considered to be a set of interrelated elements or components that collect(input), manipulate(processes), and disseminate (output) data and information and provide a feedback mechanism to meet an objective.

Raw facts such as an employees name and number of hours worked in a week, inventory part numbers or sales orders.

A collection of facts organized in such a way that they have additional value beyond the value of the facts themselves.

these are the devices like the monitor, processor, printer and keyboard, all of which work together to accept, process, show data and information.

are the programs that allow the hardware to process the data.

are the gathering of associated files or tables containing related data.

are the commands for combining the components above to process information and produce the preferred output.

User is an individual who uses a computer. This includes expert programmers as well as novices. An enduser is any individual who runs an application

Hardware resources include machines and media used in information processing. Software resources include computerized instructions (programs) and instruction for people (procedures).

People resources include information systems specialists and users

Data resources include alphanumeric, text, image,video, audio, and other forms of data.

Network resources include communications media and network support. Information products produced by an information system can take a variety of forms, including paper reports, visual displays, multimedia documents, electronic messages, graphics images, and audio responses

Input of data resource

Input typically takes the form of data entry activities such as recording and editing End users typically record data about transactions on some type of physical medium such as paper form, or enter it directly into a computer system.

These activities organize, analyze and manipulate data, thus converting them into information for end users.

Information in various forms is transmitted to end-users and made available to them in the output activity.

Storage is a basic system component of information systems Storage is the information system activity in which data and information are retained in an organized manner for later use.

An information system should produce feedback about its input, processing, output, and the system is meeting established performance standards.

Bit Byte Field Record File database

Field > Record > File > Database

A space allocated for a particular item of information. A tax form, for example, contains a number of fields: one for your name, one for your Social Security number, one for your income, and so on.

Midshipmen Name: Juan dela Cruz

In database systems, fields are the smallest units of information you can access. In spreadsheets, fields are called cells.

A collection of fields.

Serial No.: M-8885 Midshipmen Name: Juan dela Cruz Age: 20 Years old Sex: Male Height: 5 8

A set of records

Serial No.: M-8885 Midshipmen Name: Juan dela Cruz Age: 20 Years old Sex: Male Height: 5 8

an integrated collection of interrelated records or files. Serial No.: M-8885 Batch: 2004 Example:
Serial No.: M-8885 Midshipmen Name: Juan dela Cruz Age: 20 Years old Sex: Male Height: 5 8 Course: BSMarE Year: 4th Section: Rust

Serial No.: M-8885 Demerit awards: 600 Coverage: From May to June 2003

1.Enhanced global competitiveness 2.Capture market opportunities 3.Support corporate strategy 4.Enhance worker productivity 5.Improve quality of goods and services

Operations support system

Office Automation System Transaction processing system Process control system

Management support system

Management Information System Decision Support System Executive information system

is an information system that uses hardware, software and networks to enhance work flow and facilitate communications among employees

is an information system that captures and processes data generated during an organizations day-to-day transactions. A transaction is a business activity such as a deposit, payment, order or reservation.

monitor and control industrial processes.

A management information system, or MIS (pronounced em-eye-ess), is an information system that generates accurate, timely and organized information so managers and other users can make decisions, solve problems, supervise activities, and track progress.

TPS
Order Processing System SALES DATA UNIT PRODUCT COST PRODUCT CHANGE DATA EXPENSE DATA MIS FILES

MIS

ORDER FILE
Materials Resource Planning System PRODUCTION MASTER FILE

MIS

REPORTS

General Ledger
System ACCOUNTING FILES

MANAGERS

2.17

is an information system designed to help users reach a decision when a decision-making situation arises. A variety of DSSs exist to help with a range of decisions.

facilitates and supports senior executive information and decision making needs.

Give me an example..

Information Systems are indispensable to the business, industry, academe and any organization to meet the future challenges

FAQs

https://www.google.com.ph/ http://www.webopedia.com http://bisom.uncc.edu/ http://www.youtube.com http://wiki.answers.com http://www.ask.com And other resources not mentioned above. Items were subject for educational purposes