Contents

 Introduction
 Some weather phenomenon
 How seasons are created
 Pakistan & its location
 Climate of Pakistan
 Seasons in Pakistan
 Weather and Environment
 Conclusion
INTRODUCTION
 Weather is a very unusual and
variable state of atmosphere.

 Depend on the climactic

variations of different places.

 Weather includes all the daily

changes of atmospheric
phenomena like
Ø Temperature
Ø Rainfall
Ø Wind
Ø Air pressure
Ø Sunshine and Cloudiness.
Some Weather Phenomenon
Rain :
 Form of cloud
 Important role in the agricultural
 Brings moisture in the atmosphere.

Snowfall :
 Very important weather phenomenon.
 Origin of snowflakes is hidden in the clouds.

Winds:
 The Motion of air is known as the wind.
 Cold winds are heavy in nature & intend to come
down in the lower surface of the atmosphere.
 Hot wind is lighter. So that warm wind intends to
go up in the air.
Creation of Seasons
 Divisions of the year that is
characterized by periodical
weather changes.

 As one part of the globe is

directly exposed to sun's rays &
other part receives less
exposure.

 This exposure is alternated

while the earth completes its
journey around the sun on its
orbit. This phenomenon creates
seasons.
Pakistan & Its Location

Pakistan is Bordered
 On the west by Iran
 On the north and northwest by
Afghanistan
 On the northeast by China
 On the east and southeast by India
 On the south by the Arabian Sea

Location:
 Lies in the temperate zone.
 Situated at latitudes 23°37' North and
61°76' East the country covers an area of
about 803,940 square kilometers out of
which the land coverage is about 796,096
square kilometers.
 Climate of Pakistan
Climate comes from the Greek word
“Clime”.
 The Climate of Pakistan varying
especially between the high mountains
and low plains.

 The mountainous regions experience

freezing temperatures during winters
and mild summers

 The northern part of Pakistan is

generally cold as there exists the snow
capped mountains and peaks
Climate of Pakistan
 The difference in temperature between day
and night is immensely substantial.

 The climate in Pakistan is characterized by

hot summers and cold winters.

 The southern part is dry with deserts all

around.

 The Indus plains have very hot summers

with the temperatures varying from 32
degrees to 49 degrees and relatively cool
winters.
 Seasons In Pakistan
As a blessing of Allah, Pakistan
enjoys every kind
of season in a year.

 Spring (March-April)

 Summer (April-July)

 Monsoon (July-September)

 Autumn/ Post-monsoon season

(October-November)

 Winter (November-March)
Spring
 The first swallow to arrive or the flowering of
lilac may be the indicator of spring

 It is an intermediate seasonal phase in between

winter and summer. It signifies the emergence
of new life.

 It is a particular type of season that is

experienced in the temperate climatic zones.

 Kite festival competitions are held all over

Pakistan and awards are distributed among
winners.
Features of Spring
 Important Features of Spring

 Warm winds

 Longer days

 Seas & Rivers are full due to ice

melting.

 Floods are most common in the hilly

areas.

 In fact, end of spring is the time when

hurricane arrives almost without any
warning.
Summer
 Warmest seasons of a year.

 It falls between the seasons of spring

and autumn.

 Summer starts early for the countries

that lie on the coastal areas

 Whereas the more continental

countries have late summers.

 The Mean temperature during summer

is 38° C. The highest recorded
temperature at Jacobabad in June is
53° C.
Characteristics of Summer
 Hottest and Longest Days

 Smaller nights than winter

 Season of Vacations

 Different Fruits in summer

 It gets varied receptions in different

parts of the world

 Where in some places it is pleasant

while in other parts it is extremely
harsh.
Rainfall in Pakistan
 Most rain falls during the summer
monsoon from July to September,

 The average rainfall during monsoon is

about 255 millimeters.

 Very less amount of rain is received by

Pakistan which also influences Weather
in Pakistan.

 Most of the rainfall occurs during the

later part of summer months which is
brought by the south westerly
monsoonal breeze.
Autumn/Post monsoon
 The end of summer signifies the arrival of autumn
or post monsoon season.

 Leaves have a reddish tinge which falls away

during this season thereby paving the way for
further growth.

 Moreover , it was also known as the harvest

season in the earlier days.
Duration
 Autumn commences in the month of September
or October
 The nights are fairly cool with the minimum
temperature around 16° C .
Winter
 Winter is the coldest season of the year

 In Pakistan winter having minimum

temperatures and the days of the shortest
duration

Duration of Winter :
 The official start of the month of winter is
different in various cultures and locations.

 According to location of Pakistan, winter months

are December, January and February.

 Average minimum and maximum temperatures

are 4°C and 18°C, though on occasions mercury
falls well below freezing point.
Features of Winter

 Long nights and short days.

 Snowfall in northern areas

 Blizzards or winter storms

 Ice fog when temperature is

below -30°C.
Weather and Environment
Pollution and Weather are interlinked. Pollution of
air, water and soil affects the weather.

 Pollution affecting the living organisms.

 Natural resources are also getting depleted.

 Global Warming harmful due to unthoughtful

industrial activities of man.

 Greenhouse Effect on the atmosphere

 Depletion of the Ozone Layer cause of skin

cancer and other ailments.
Conclusion