Optimizing Converged Cisco Networks (ONT)

Lesson 1.1: The Evolution of Telephony in the Enterprise

2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

Objectives
Describe the history of the telephone services industry and its affect on modern business practices. Identify the components of the traditional telephone system. Describe traditional POTS service. Describe ISDN & T1 services. Explain the drivers of converged networks.

2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

Basic Telephone System

A telephone system has four elements:
A telephone set to convert sound to electrical signals and back to sound One or more central switching facilities Connections to the central switching facilities Connections among multiple switching centers across telephone networks

Subscribers connect to the telephone network using:

Dedicated wire connections in overhead or underground cables Radio waves (cellular, satellite, or radiotelephone) VoIP

2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

Basic Components of a Modern Telephone System

Long Distance and International Connections

IP
Central Office with Switches

Fiber

Local Loop

POTS and ADSL

Home Office with Corporate VPN including VoIP

Cellular Phone System

2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

Traditional POTS Services

PSTN or PTT (POTS) has remained practically unchanged for over 100 years offering:
Bi-directional, or full duplex, voice path to carry sound both ways at once Dial tone and ringing signals Subscriber dialing Operator services, such as directory assistance, long distance, and conference calling assistance Power

2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

ISDN and T1 Services

ISDN: A set of standards that allow data and voice to be carried on copper wire from the telephone exchange to customer premises:
BRI: 2 B-channels and 1 D-channel for control
PRI: 23 B-channels (30 in Europe) and 1 D-channel for control

T1 Carrier System: Specification for digital transmission between telephone exchanges and sometimes directly to customer premises. T1 uses copper wire or fiber.

2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

Digital Telephone Services

Digital Telephone Services include:
Voice mail Caller ID

Call waiting
Reminder calls (Three-way) conference calling Enhanced 911 (in North America) Centrex A number of other similar services

2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

PBX and Centrex

Centrex (a virtual PBX):
Call Transfer Call Divert on no reply and on busy calls Call Waiting Three-Party Conference Call Pick Up (Group) Ring Back Reminder or Alarm Call Typical Centrex telephone. Note the Recall button and the Message Last Number Redial Waiting lamp. Centrex Hotline (non-dialed connection) Centrex Warm Line (delayed Hotline) Centrex Hunt Groups, with optional bypass numbers

2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

Long-Distance Calling Challenges

May I have a line to Chicago?

Is this a business call?

Yes it is.

PSTN
Thank you. One second please. Chicago Office PBX

2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

Long-Distance and WATS

Long-distance trunk lines connect telephone exchanges. Long-distance services include:
OUT-WATS: Flat-rate long-distance calling IN-WATS: Toll-free calling using 1-8xx numbers

2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

Separate Voice, Video, and Data Networks

San Jose Office

PBX PBX

London Office

Tokyo Office
PBX
2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

Converged Voice, Video, and Data Network

PSTN

IP WAN

2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

Self Check
1. What are the 2 levels of ISDN service? 2. What is a Centrex?

3. What is a WATS-type plan?

4. What options are available in WATS plans?

2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

Summary
Companies have used telephone services for over 100 years as a part of their business practices.

Changing technology and changing enterprise needs have influenced changes in telephony services.
The increasing use of IP transport for data, voice and video has lead to the need for converged networks.

2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

Q and A

2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

Resources
Wikipedia Telephone Exchange article
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telephone_exchange

Cisco IP Telephones on Converged Network Enable Rapid Emergency Response

http://newsroom.cisco.com/dlls/partners/success_stories/2001/p ss_10-10.html

Making the Business Case for Unified Communications

http://www.cisco.com/en/US/netsol/ns340/ns394/ns165/network ing_solutions_audience_business_benefit0900aecd80472efb.ht ml

2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.