American Becomes an

Industrial Giant
 Industry
 Manufacturing- making
things, was mostly done
in the northeast in the
1800’s.
 Because of railroads,
manufacturing spread
across the country.
 Industry
 Americans began mining
and discovering resources
such as oil (petroleum)
coal, iron and lumber.

 Entrepreneurs- People who

organize business, like Jay
Z, Bill Gates, Rockefeller,
 Steel
 Building block for many
new building structures,
bridges, buildings and man
others.
 Came from iron.

 William Kelly and Henry

Bessemer found a way to
Andrew Carnegie
 Andrew Carnegie
 Bought steel
companies(Carnegie Steel
 Bought iron mines

 Bought the transportation

of steel and iron
 Controlled the whole
aspect of steel and iron in
 Andrew Carnegie
 Scottish immigrant
 Saw bridges being made
from wood, thought there
was a better way to do it.
 Began using steel to build
bridges.
 Andrew Carnegie
 Because Carnegie controlled
all parts of the business he
had a monopoly. Which made
him lots of $$$
 Was a philanthropist, donated
money to schools, libraries,
colleges, the poor. Many
streets, schools and bridges
Steel become very
important
 Steel become very
important
 Steel built
longest
suspension
bridge in
1883
Brooklyn
Bridge
 Steel built
 Steel become very
important
 Steel was cheap and
easy to produce in
factories.
 Steel workers worked
very hard in horrible
working conditions.
 Used to make nails and
 Steel become very
important
 Carnegie gave away more
than 350 million in his
lifetime.
 Discussion questions
 Why would making steel
help make America a
strong country?
 How did Carnegie have a
monopoly of steel?
 What has happened to
steel factories today?
Rockefeller and Oil
 Oil
 1stAmerican oil well dug
by Edwin Drake in
Pennsylvania in 1859
 At first oil was thought to
be useless
 Called black gold. Why?
 Oil
 Oil was sent to refineries to
made into different
material like gasoline

 Rockefeller
 John D Rockefeller was
born in New York, later
lived in Cleveland.
 Did think money could be
made from drilling oil, but
refining it.
 Started Stand Oil Company
 Rockefeller
 Standard Oil become very
powerful.
 Controlled the production
and price of oil throughout
the country.
 Oil was refined mostly into
kerosene
 Oil
 Theinvention of the car
made a market for gas.
 We get gas from oil.
 Business Changes
 Businesses grew large into
corporations. Controlled by
shareholders.
 Many common people felt
monopolies and large
corporations were unfair to
small businesses.
 Monopoly
 Rockefellerand Standard
Oil had a monopoly on the
Oil market.
 Monopoly
 Eliminated competition.
 Competition is/was good
for us consumers. Keeps
prices in line
 Corporations
important to business
 Safe form of business,
limited liability.
 Capitol- Money used to buy
investments.
 Corporations sell stocks to
people
 BIG BUSINESS
 Vertical
combination-
owning all parts of a
business from
transportation, mining, and
production. Carnegie Steel
 BIG BUSINESS
 Horizontalcombination-
Buy out other smaller
companies that compete
against you. Rockefeller’s
Standard Oil.
 Both Standard oil and
Carnegie were monopolies
 Other monopolies
 Thesugar, railroad,
tobacco industries all were
monopolies at one time
 Discussion Questions
 What was oil refined into
early on?
 How were monopolies bad
for business?
 What are horizontal and
vertical combinations?
 OTHER MAJOR US
INDUSTRIES
 The advancement of
railroads brought about
advancement of meat
packing
 Refrigeration cars are built
in the 1890’s
 Meat would be transported
 Railroad Owners
 Cornelius Vanderbilt built
America’s first great
railroad system New York
Central.
 Vanderbilt was the first to
use steel tracks and steel
bridges
Thomas Edison
 Thomas Edison
 America’s greatest
inventor was Thomas
Edison
 Edison was born in Ohio

 Edison was called “Wizard

of Menlo Park” in New
Jersey
 Thomas Edison
 Invented the phonograph
early record player
 Invented early movie
projector
 Added sound to movies
with phonograph
 Alexander Graham Bell
 Inventedthe telephone
 Helped America
communicate quicker and
easier
 Other Inventions and
Improvements
 Camera- Improved by Kodak
 Elevator- Elisha Otis Otis’
elevator made skyscrapers
possible to build
 Assembly Line- Henry Ford.
The assembly line made cars
more affordable. Also
invented gas engines
 Other Inventions and
Improvements
 With each new invention, a
new industry was created.
 With each industry more
jobs would be added to the
country
Inventions of the 1800’s
& 1900’s
 http://www.ideafinder.com/history/timelin
http://www.ideafinder.com/history/timeli
 http://www.ideafinder.com/history/quiz/q
 Industrial
Development and the
Environment
 The air from factories
would be full of pollution
 Pollution also was seen in
the water too
 Teddy Roosevelt opens
first national park-
Yosemite in 1892
Pollution
 Discussion Questions
 Besides steel and oil, what
other new industries were
developed
 What were some of
Edison’s inventions
 Besides Edison’s
inventions name some
 Discussion Questions
 How did Ford make cars more
cheap to buy
 How did new inventions
develop new jobs
 What effects did Industry
(factories) have on the
environment