Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
Fourth Edition
Uma Sekaran
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Introduction to Research. Scientific Investigation. Technology and Business Research. The Research Process: Steps 1 to 3: The Broad Problem Area, Preliminary Data Gathering, Problem Definition. The Research Process: Steps 4 and 5: Theoretical Framework Hypothesis Development. The Research Process: Step 6: Elements of Research Design.
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Measurement of Variables: Operational Definition and Scales. Measurement: Scaling, Reliability, Validity. Data Collection Methods. Sampling. Data Analysis and Interpretation. The Research Report.
What is Research.
Research involves a series of well-thought-out and carefully executed activities that will enable the manager to know how org. problems can be solved, or at least considerably minimized. OR Organized, systematic, data-based , critical, objective, scientific inquiry or investigation into a specific problem, undertaken with the purpose of finding answers or solution to it. Quantitative (structured questioner) Qualitative (Open-ended questioner)
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Problem Solved
Poor decision
Problem persists
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Situations
1. Machine on the shop floor stops working 2. Employee absents from work floor. 3. Employees are not motivated 4. Creditors have negative perception about your organization.
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What is Research.
Organized, systematic, data-based, critical, objective, scientific inquiry or investigation into a specific problem, undertaken with the purpose of finding answers or solution to it.
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Business Research.
Is usually primarily conducted to resolve problematic issues in or interrelated among, the areas of business. 1. Accounting 2. Finance 3. Management 4. Marketing
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Accounting: budget control system, Practices and procedure, inventory costing method, Cash recovery, taxation Planning. Finance: Operation of financial institutions, financial ratios, leverage, mortgage, merger, acquisition etc.
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Management: Employees attitude and behavior, human recourses management, impact of changing demographic on management practices, production operations. Marketing: Branding image, advertising, after sale services, Consumer preferences, new product development etc.
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To generate a body of knowledge by trying to comprehend how certain problems that occur in organizations can be solved. e-g Multiculturalism, ethnicity, demographic factors etc. Various organization General Electronic Company Professors in universities .
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Objective of Basic research is to equip oneself with additional knowledge of certain phenomena/ problems that occur in several organizations.
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Facilitates good decision making. Become able to discriminate about research findings. Prevents vested (personal) interests Educates to share pertinent/ significant and relevant information with researcher.
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Each should know his /her role. Trust level Value system Acceptance of findings and implementation Issues of inside versus outside researchers.
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INTERNAL RESEARCHERS
Advantages
Better acceptance from staff Knowledge about organization Would be an integral part of implementation and evolution of the research recommendations. Less fresh ideas Power politics could prevail Possibility not valued as experts by staff.
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Disadvantages
EXTERNAL RESEARCHERS
Advantages
Divergent and convergent thinking Experience from several situations in different type of organizations. Better technical training, usually. Take time to know and understand the organizational system. Rapport and corporation from staff not only easy. Not available for evaluation after implementation cost. 25
Disadvantages
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