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Tungsten carbide
(carbide)
• Carbide tools come in one of
three types.
Carbide tools
Solid Inserted
Brazed
carbide carbide
carbide tools
tools tooling
cnc tooling Group 2(DMCH 2007) 7
Tooling for cnc
ØTungsten carbide.
• Solid carbide tools are made from a solid piece of
carbide.
• Brazed carbide tools use a carbide tip brazed in a steel
shank.
• Inserted carbide tooling utilize indexable inserts made
of carbide which are held in steel tool holders.
Ø Tungsten carbide has the following
advantages over HSS.
• Carbide holds well up at elevated temperatures.
• Carbide can cut hard materials well.
• Solid carbide tools absorb workpiece vibrations and
reduce the amount of “chatter” generated during
machining.
cnc tooling Group 2(DMCH 2007) 8
• When inserted cutters are used the inserts can be
Tooling for numerical
control
ØTungsten carbide
Tungsten carbide has the following
disadvantage over HSS.
• Carbide cost more than high speed
steel tools.
• Carbide is more brittle than HSS and
had a tendency to chip during
interrupted cuts.
• Carbide is harder to resharpen and
requires diamond grinding wheels.
cnc tooling Group 2(DMCH 2007) 9
Tooling for numerical
control
ØCeramic tooling
• Had made great advances in the past several years.
• Once very expensive-some ceramic insert cost now
less than carbide.
Ceramic has the following advantage:
• Ceramic is sometime less expensive than carbide
when used in insert tooling.
• Ceramic will cut harder materials at a faster rate.
• Ceramic has superior heat hardness.
Ceramic has the following disadvantages:
• Ceramic is more brittle than HSS or carbide.
• Ceramic must run within its given surface speed
parameters.
Notes :- If run too cnc
slowly, the
tooling Group inserts
2(DMCH 2007) will breakdown
10
Tooling for numerical
control
ØFields of application.
High speed steels used on:-
• Aluminium alloys.
Carbide is used on:-
• High silicon aluminium.
• Steels .
• Stainless steels.
• Exotic metals.
Ceramics inserts used on:-
• Hard steels.
• Exotics metals.
Notes :-Inserted carbide tooling is becoming the
preferred for any cnc application.
Notes :-some insert carbide are coated with special
substances(e.g. Titanium nitride) increasing tool life
up to 20 time –using recommended cutting speed and
feed rates. cnc tooling Group 2(DMCH 2007) 11
Tooling for hole operation
ØTooling for hole operations.
• There are four basic hole operations that are
performed on nc machinery.
Tooling for hole
operations.
Milling
cutters
End Face
mills mills
End mill:-
•Ball end mills using inserts.
•Ball end mills are also available in
HSS and solid carbide.
•Ball mills are used for three ,four or
five –axis contouring work where z
axis is used.
•They are also used to produce a
Face mills:-
qLarge
diameter
face mill
qLarge
number of
insert used.
qCyclo mill
was
W R 15 S R C 6 3 H 4 T R
• SOLID WOOD
• .008 to .025 inch
• PLYWOOD
• .010 TO .025 inch
• PLASTICS
• .005 to .015 inch