TENSES

LECTURERS NAME: TUAN HAJI NOORIZAN BIN HANAPIAH AHMAD SYAFIQ BIN ABDULLAH MOHAMMAD HAZWAN BIN OMAR FATIN SYAZRINA BINTI MOHD YUSOF NURUL NAJIAH BINTI AWANG

SIMPLE PRESENT
To

express a habitual action

Example: He studies for at least 2 hours a day.

To express a general/universal truth. To indicate a planned future event, normally stated in timetable or programme.

Example: Jakarta is the capital of Indonesia.

Example: The bus leaves at 8 a.m. tomorrow.

PRESENT CONTINUOUS
To

indicate an action that is going on the time of speaking.

Example: Madam Ila is teaching in the class. (you can see her there.)

To talk about an action of long duration started but has not ended.

hich has

Example: I am working on a new pro ect now.

To talk about a future action that has been deliberately planned and arranged

Example: !e are leaving for "uala #umpur by bus toni$ht. (we ha%e brou$ht the bus tickets.)

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

To

express a past action the present tense.

ith result in

Example: &uni has taken her breakfast. ('he(s full now.)

To express an action hich extends from the past to the present tenses

Example: I have read the book for a week.

PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS

To express an action that began in the past and still continuing.

Example: It has been raining hea%ily. (since last ni$ht)

SIMPLE PAST

To express an action that happened in the past.

Example: &hmad played football with his friends yesterday e%enin$.

PAST CONTINUOUS
To

express an action that in the past. To express an action that

as in progress at one particular point of time

Example: 'iti was watching tele%ision at 8 last ni$ht.

as going on over a period of time in the past. ere going on simultaneously in the past. as interrupted by another

Example: They were playing %olleyball the whole mornin$ yesterday.

To indicate t o actions that

Example: !hile Mr. )ai* was teaching+ some of us were dozing off.

To express a past continuous action that action.

Example, - was working on my laptop (when the li$ht went off).

PAST PERFECT
To

indicate an action in the past.

as completed at a specified time

Example: !e had taken our breakfast at . this mornin$.

To express a past action that preceded another past action.

Example: The robber had escaped (when the police arri%ed.)

To talk about an action that began at one particular time in the past but ended at another point of past time.

Example: He had been a teacher since -/.0 ( before he retired in -//1).

PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS

To talk about an action that began at a particular time in the past and continued up to another point time in the past. Example: The car had been giving me a lots of trouble. (That(s why I sold it to somebody.)

SIMPLE FUTURE
To

predict a future action.

Example: (it(s %ery hot today.)It will rain this e%enin$.

To talk about an action is likely to happen in the future. To express spontaneous intention/ determination to do something in the future.

Example: The colle$e will hold a drama competition.

23ample, I will study harder ne3t time+ I promise.

FUTURE CONTINUOUS
To

express a future action that course of events.

ill occur in normal

23ample, ( 4ahil and I are class mates) I will seeing her tomorrow.
To

indicate that an action is in progress at a particular time in the future.

23ample, (5ou can(t meet Mr. Tan at / a.m. tomorrow.) He will be attending meetin$.

To express a future action is in progress over a specified period of time.

23ample, The team will be having their practice from 6 p.m. to 1 p.m. tomorrow.

FUTURE PERFECT
To

indicate that an action ill be completed at a particular time in the future.

Example: They will ha ! "#$! their home ork by next Thursday.

FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS

To

talk about an action that began before the time of speaking and continues up to another point of time in the future.

Example: (I oined the colla$e in -//1.) 7y 2001+ I will have been working in the colla$e for -0 years.

To talk about an action that begins in the future and continues up another point of time in the future.

Example: (5ou will only start teachin$ in 2006). 7y 2008+ you will have been teaching for only a year.