Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
Overview
Describe bases for developing cultural competence in health care Present anthropological approaches and personal and interpersonal strategies for intercultural adaptation Present cultural frameworks for adapting to effects of culture on health behavior
Developmental Approaches
Ethnocentrism/Denial
Develop cultural awareness of others
Defense
Learn value of cross-cultural relations
Minimization/Universalism
Limits of biological explanations
Acceptance
Acquiring another cultures perspectives
Adaptation
Developing cultural competency
Integration
Shifting cultural perspectives
Anthropological Perspectives
Culture and Emic Perspectives Cultural Relativism Cross-cultural or Etic Perspectives. Intracultural Variation: Cultural Characterizations versus Stereotypes Racial Concepts vs. Ethnicity and Culture Social versus Cultural Effects
Achieving communication competence Adjusting to the other culture's behavioral expectations Developing and maintaining interpersonal relationships. Interpersonal skills for expressing empathy and cultural understanding Language Skills
use of Translators and Interpreters
Personal Reactions
Culture Shock
Phases/Stages of Cultural Shock
Honeymoon, Crises, Adjustment & Adaptation
Ethnocentrism
The Naturalness of Ethnocentrism
Culture-centeredness The Real People/Gods People
PREJUDICE
Prejudice-- tendency to prejudge normal part of relating to world through our prior expectations Reduce through suspending judgmental approach
Normative Perspectives
People develop prejudices & discriminate as a normal part of cultural learning and values
Defense Mechanisms
reactions to maintain psychological stability in the face of stress
Historicizing
Not learning about cultural and social influences
Guidelines for addressing the potential role of culture in pathology and care
Self-assessment by providers of own cultural biases; Consultation with family members to determine cultural significance (culture-bound syndromes) and psychosocial functioning of client; Ask questions using culturally sensitive and appropriate styles; Determine expectations regarding adherence using explanatory model; Identify and resolve conflicts
Negotiation (cont)
Provider offers compromises to conflicts and attempts to implement them Provider as expert advice, patient as final arbiter Providers ongoing monitoring of agreement and participation
Strategies (cont)
an ability to compromise on issues regarding religious beliefs an ability to adopt cultural behaviors communicating trust and respect an understanding of the patients goals in treatment