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2. Field Uniqueness: Each field in a table should represent a unique type of information.
4. Field Independence: You must be able to make a change to the data in any field (other than a field in the primary key) without affecting the data in any other field.
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Owens
Chang Sarandon
Paula
Steve Sarah
Clerk
Mechanic Mechanic
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In this example, Hourly Rate is dependent on Job Class. Why is the above a poor design?
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Sarandon
Sarah
Integrity of a Database
It is important that the data in a database is correct and consistent. Data integrity problems can occur due to: incorrect data entry data redundancy poor database design
Entity Integrity (primary key must be unique and must not be null) Referential Integrity Field types (e.g., text, numeric, date, yes/no) Input masks (e.g., ISBN number, dates) Field validation rules (What are some examples?) Good design of input screens (user interfaces) Check digits
Concurrency Control
Concurrency control is the management of concurrent transaction execution. Why is it important? The simultaneous execution of transactions over a shared database may create several dataintegrity and consistency problems.
Note that the first transaction has not been permanently recorded when the second transaction is executed.
Data Warehouse
stores data that have been extracted from the various operational, external, and other databases of an organization Data warehouses...
support OLAP (online analytical processing) support data mining (data in a data warehouse are analyzed to reveal hidden patterns and trends in historical business activity)
Data Warehouse
Recap
Why do we need a database? What is a database? What are the main functions of a DBMS? Entity-Relationship Modeling Linking two tables: 1:1, 1:M, and M:N Four principles of database design Data Integrity Concurrency Control Data Warehouses