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INTRODUCTION
Ethics -is the branch of philosophy concerned with the rules of human
behaviour. It considers what is right and wrong and examines how moral principles and values are created and evolve.
Like other ethics there is a certain code of conduct or standards to be followed. In order to survive in the competitive sphere organizations try to reduce the costs
involved in production processes.
This cost efficiency is sometimes achieved at the cost of quality, Poor processes and
technology is used to keep the cost down
This is especially true for small players who cannot afford economies of scale. Industry giants that compromised on certain production processes, cola companies make
up for a good example.
Technology used or process involved Products manufactured or service offered testing or experimentation
environment that lead to pollution, global warming, increase in water toxicity and diminishing natural resources.
Purchasing code of conduct Integrate ethical purchasing to the existing management Rewards and reviews Top management and support Business environment and culture Training to employees and staff
Ethical Objectives
Ethical values cover all aspects of business conduct. This includes: corporate strategies. treatment of employees. treatment of suppliers. sales and accounting practices Most activities of business have some ethical features.
Training program
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Cancer Hazard Caused mutation (genetic changes). It caused cancer. Reproductive Hazard Association between exposure to Methyl Isocyanate
and miscarriages. It may damage the growing fetus.May also affect fertility in men and women.
Traces of many toxins were found in the Brest Milk of mothers and were
intern transmitted to the recipient babies.
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b) Packaging graphics
c) Packaging safety d) Environmental issues e) Amount of packaging material used f) Disposal
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ADVANTAGES OF ETHICS
Attention to business ethics has substantially improved society Ethics programs help maintain a moral course in turbulent times
CONTDDDD
Ethics programs are an insurance policy they help ensure that policies are
legal
Ethics programs help avoid criminal acts of omission and can lower fines Ethics programs help manage values associated with quality management,
strategic planning and diversity management
Reduced risk of negative exposure and public backlash caused by poor ethics
Attraction of new stakeholders Making a positive impact on the community
DISADVANTAGES OF ETHICS
Business ethics reduce a company's freedom to maximize its profit. For example, a multinational company may move its manufacturing facility to
a developing country to reduce costs. Practices acceptable in that country, such as child labor, poor health and safety, poverty-level wages and coerced employment, will not be tolerated by an ethical company.
Less Revenue
CONTDDDD.
Personal Gain: Some employees may use the conducts as a way to use a law suite against the company for any minor misbehavior.
Expanding the problem: If for instance the ethical problem is not worth firing a verbal warning or suspension would do. The code of ethics within a company may be used to expand the problem further than it should be which is a waste of time, money and sometimes employees may leave.
1. Researching, Identifying and determining workplace health hazards 2. Setting safety and health standards 3. Enforcing the standards
According to OSHA safety standards, employers are obliged to provide informations on following:
1. 2. 3. 4.
Risks and Health hazards related to work Products and environment exposed to those risks
LABOUR LAWS
Sec 11 Cleanliness
Sec 22 Work on or near machinery in motion Sec 29 Lifting machines, chains, ropes and lifting tackles
There is a distinct crossover between ethics and CSR, since CSR is often
about doing ethical things.
Race to the Bottom Large no of contractors and sub contractors in the manufacturing chain aim absolute lowest cost.
Large retailers like Wal-Mart and Target Low price strategy Outsourcing is profitable not only because of cost factor but also because of evading
compliance to CSR and Local laws.
In 2003, Fair Labor Association (FLA) whose members include Adidas-Salomon, Levi
Strauss, Nike, Reebok began publicizing audits of factories regarding sweat shop conditions.
But all of them follow different methodologies and measures to combat sweatshops Because of this Wal-Mart says it does self-monitoring
Only about 100 large, mostly Western companies actively involved in the anti sweatshop
movement.
Unfair for those companies adopting anti-sweatshop initiatives to compete against those
not adopting it.
Thank You