Alfred Adler

Individual Psychology 1870-1937

BIOGRAPHY:
1870- Alfred Adler born on February 7th Third child, second son of Jewish grain ,erchant and wife 1888-Began his studies at the University of Vienna Medical School 1895- Received medical degree from the University of Vienna 1897- Married Raissa Timofeivna Epstein 1898- Established private practice in Vienna -Birth of first daughter, Valentine - Published two articles in Austria's "Medical News Bulletin" 1901- Second child, Alexandra, is born 1902- Published two articles in Medical News Bulletin -Sigmund Freud invited Adler to join the fledgling Wednesday Psychological Society (later renamed to Vienna Psychoanalytic Society) 1904- Adler publishes his most important article to date, The Physician as Educator Converted from Judaism to Protestanism Birth of Kurt Adler 1905- Publication of A Study of Organ Inferiority 1909- Birth of Cornelia (daughter) 1911- Adler is expelled from the Vienna Psychoanalytic Society under Freud's impetus

Inquiry 1912- Published The Neurotic Constitution 1913- Renamed his group The Society for Individual Psychology 1914- Published Healing and Education, edited by Adler 1916-Drafted as a military physician for the Austro-Hungarian Empire during World WarI 1918- Discharged from military service, began emphasizing social feeling in writings 1922- Published The Practice and Theory of Individual Psychology -Adler begins setting up educational consulting teams in child guidance for Vienna's public schools 1924- Became a professor at Vienna's Pedagogical Institute 1928- First lecture-tour of the United States. Published The Case of Miss R: The Interpretation of a Life Story 1929- Became an adjunct professor at Columbia University, started to shift base of operations from Vienna to New York City - Published Individual Psychology in the Schools 1931- Published What Life Should Mean to You 1932- Professor at the Long Island College of Medicine, Adler's first full-time academic position in the United States 1933- Published Religion and Individual Psychology and Social Interest: A Challenge to Mankind 1937- Died, May 28th, Aberdeen, Scotland. He died of a heart attack

Adler forms his own group, initially called the Society for Free Psychoanalytic

THEORY:
Adler postulates a single drive or motivating force behind all oue behavior and experience. Striving for perfection perfection and goals Aggressive drive -> Assertiveness drive Compensation or Striving to overcome Masculine Protest- earliest phrases Striving for Superiority

LIFESTYLE:
Adler was influenced by the writings of Jan Smuts, the South African philosopher and statesman. HOLISM First, to reflect the idea that we should see people as wholes rather than parts, he decided to label his approach to psychology, individual psychology. Second, instead of talking about persons personality with the traditional sense of internal traits, structures, dynamics, conflicts, and so on. He preffered to talk about style of life. Lifestyle refers to how you live your life, how you handle problems and interpersonal relations.

The Style of Life Tree

TELEOGY:
Hans Vaihinger-philosopher -who wrote a book called The Philosophy of As if as if they were true He called these partial truths fictions Fictional Finalism

SOCIAL INTEREST:
or social interest originally called Gemeinschaftsgeful or community feeling Adler felt that social concern was not simply inborn, nor just learned, but a combination of both another version of extroversion Social concern is a matter of being useful to others Lack of social concern may lead to mental ill health

INFERIORITY:
Organ Inferiority Compensation Psychological Inferiorities Inferiority Complex-neurosis, meaning its life-size problem Superior Complex

PSYCHOLOGICAL TYPES:
1. 2. 3. 4. Ruling type Leaning type Avoiding type Socially useful type Adler noted that his 4 types looked very much like the 4 types proposed by Ancient Greeks. They, too, noticed that some people are always sad, angry and so on. But they attributed these temperaments to the relative presence of bodily fluids called humors. 1. 2. 3. 4. Choleric (too much bile) Phlegmatic (too much phlegm) Melancholy (too much black bile) Sanguine (lots of blood)

CHILDHOOD:
Prototype (force fit) 3 Basic Childhood Situations that most contribute to a faulty lifestyle:

1. Organ Inferiority/early childhood diseases 2. Pampering 3. Neglect

BIRTH ORDER:
Only Child First Child Second Child Youngest Child

DIAGNOSIS:
In your very first session with you: He might ask you for your earliest childhood memory He might also ask you about any childhood problem you may have had Dreams are an expression of your style of life, far from cantradicting your daytime feelings, are unified with your conscious life. Usually, they reflect the goals you have and the problems you faced in reaching them. Fantasies will refelect your lifestyle just as well. Adler would also pay attention to how you express yourself He would also want to know the exagenous factors, the events that triggered thaa the symptoms that concern you. Adler was open to the less rational and scientific, more art-like side of diagnosis: He suggested we not ignore empathy, intuition and just plain guess work/

THERAPY:
Adler preferred to have everyone sitting up and talking face to face. He went to great length to avoid appearing too authoritarian.

MEMBERS:
FAUSTINO, Micaella Mae MIGUEL, Nikki CAPILI, Jade DEVERO, Melvin

BSP 2-D

REFERENCE:

Crisostomo, Compilation of Readings in the Course Theories of Personality Hoffman, Edward, The Drive For Self: Alfred Adler And The Founding Of Individual Psychology, Addison-Wesley, 1994. http://www.chesco.com/~artman/adler.html http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/hstein/adler.html http://www.montevallo.edu/coe/clf/ceegeepage/community/dtslectures/adler/default.html http://www.ship.edu/~cgboeree/adler.html http://www.usd.edu/~aelverud/advcomp/adler.html