RADIO BROADCASTING & SCRIPTING Ma. Carmina C.

Gutierrez

LECTURE COVERAGE
Notes on voice/voicing

Newscast
Radio scripting formats Writing for broadcast Demands of broadcast news COPY FORMAT Writing style Technical aspects

PETER PIPER PICKED A PECK OF PICKLED PEPPERS

A PECK OF PICKLED PEPPERS PETER PIPER PICKED IF PETER PIPER PICKED A PECK OF PICKLED PEPPERS WHERES THE PECK OF PICKLED PEPPERS PETER PIPPER PICKED?

NOTES ON VOICE/VOICING
Improvement of vocal delivery style and technique will come only with consistent practice and knowledgeable critique from an experience professional. Words must be pronounced clearly and correctly A good breath Vary pitch of your voice Voice should be expressive and lively Vocal pace or rate of speaking Voice quality

EX. YOUR LISTENING TO 103.1 M.O.R. FOR LIFE! ARARATAN.TIME CHECK ITS ______ , AND THATS WAS BROUGHT TO YOU BY _____________________.

PANGGA MY ENERGY KABA???

STYLE
Refers to a distinctive manner and particular characteristics of voice HOW TO DEVELOP A STYLE?

Imitate performers
Analyze why these styles are successful Play up your strength

Experiment

 NEWSCAST

WHAT IS A RADIO NEWSCAST?

A radio newscast is a summary of news events read by a newscaster or produced with a combination of reading and audio tape.

RUNDOWN FOR A 5-MINUTE NEWS 00:00 00:30 00:30 00:45 00:45 01:15 01:15 01:55 01:55 02:35 02:35 03:05 03:05 03:35 03:35 04:05 04:05 04:35 04:35 04:40 04:40 05:00 Intro (pre-produced) Newscasters greetings [Headlines] News1 News 2 News 3 [Break (pre-produced)] News 4 News 5 Closing spiel Extro (pre-produced) (30) (15) (30) (40) (40) (30) (30) (30) (30) (5) (20)

PRODUCTION ELEMENTS
News bed music used as background while the news is being read

Separator (or Breaker) (3 s) a short plug aired to separate one news story from another

Floater or Shoutout (5 s) this is a short plug of the program title Reentry plug (20 s) a plug that signals that the program is about to return from a break

WITH PRODUCTION ELEMENTS

00:00 00:20 00:20 00:40 00:40 01:00 01:00 01:33 01:33 01:37 01:37 02:06 02:06 02:09 02:09 02:42 02:42 03:12 03:12 03:22 03:22 03:55 03:55 03:58 03:58 04:31 04:31 04:40 04:40 05:00 Intro (pre-produced) Newscasters greetings and introduction Headlines News 1 Breaker/Separator News 2 Breaker/Separator News 3 Infomercial (pre-produced) Reentry plug News 4 Breaker/Separator News 5 Closing remarks Extro (pre-produced)

Radio scripting presentation

Radio scripting formats Reader- is a story delivered or told by the newscaster without the use of any addition Actuality or sound bite- is short taped comment from someone associated directly with the development of a news story.

 Voicers- when a voicer is used, the newscaster reads a short lead-in to the item and then the reporter who wrote the story provides the essential details. Live report- a late-breaking story often involves delivery of live report by the reporter directly for the scene.

WRITING FOR BROADCAST

Everything in broadcast is written to be spoken. Write for easy listening News must be crystal clear the first time it was heard Write for a mass audience Use accurate English Keep it concrete Make it interesting INFORMATION----NEW----IMPORTANT & RELEVANT=====PRESENTED IN A WAY OF INTERESTING AND ENTERTAINING.. It must have rhythm

DEMANDS OF BROADCAST NEWS

Accuracy - credibility of reports - pronunciations and grammar - verification Attribution GENERAL RULE: Attribution should accompany all opinions and statements that imply blame; that criticize, that may be disputed. - TITLE/POSITION, NAME OF THE SOURCE AND THEN THE COMMENT - In attributing, shorten titles, positions, document titles anything that is lengthy. - use the full title of the source when that source is first cited in the story; then use an abbreviated title or just the sources last name in subsequent references.

- be honest and accurate in naming the source and indicating the manner in which the comment was made.
copy. - if a source is best known by a nickname, put the nickname in parenthesis in the

 Balance- refers to presenting both side of the issue Clarity and Conciseness - copy should be simple and easily understood the first time it is heard. - words must be carefully selected and must convey correct meaning. - Be direct to the point

COPY FORMAT
Type on only one side of standard sheet 8.5 x 11 unrolled paper Type only one story per page . this provides flexibility when deisions are made about the order of stories in a newscast. If a story continues to second page, write (more) at the bottom of the first page and a notation at the top of the next page indicating the continuation of the same story. Ex. Page 1 of 3 Do not split sentences between new copy pages.

 Double-space all copy to read aloud Indent all paragraphs 5 spaces Use an end mark, ### or -30- at the end of each story. Follow standard capitalization rules for copy read out loud, but use full caps for all production notations.

Copy slugs
Specific information must be provided in each copy slug: a brief but clear identification of the story item; the date of the story; and the identification of the writer of each story. Copy slugs are typed in FULL CAPS and single-spaced in either a stacked arrangement at the top left or spread across the top line of each copy page. EX. REYNOLDS MURDER MINA GUTIERREZ 09-28-13 Stacked Slug

EX.

REYNOLS MURDER MINA GUTIERREZ 09-28-13

Line Slug

SLUGS
Stacked Slug

Line Slug
REYNOLDS MURDER M. GUTIERREZ 09-28-13

REYNOLDS MURDER MINA GUTIERREZ

09-28-13

WRITING STYLE
Use words for numbers one through eleven, and use numerals for numbers 12 through 999. Use a combination of numerals and words for 1,000 and above. Hyphens can be used to separate the numeral form the word to make it easier for the newscaster to see and read. Use words for all symbols associated with numbers. Ex. Pesos, Dollars etc. Always write fractions as words instead of numbers. Use suffices for ordinal numbers. Ex. 12th Use hyphens to separate numbers used in dates, street addresses, and telephone numbers. Use hyphens when writing ages, as well. EX. 09-28-13 Round of all numbers and use approximation whenever possible but use exact numbers for items like sports scores, market statistics and election results.

ABBREVIATIONS Eliminate most abbreviation from broadcast copy. (SPELLOUT) Use the full name or designation the first time it appears in the copy; then use the abbreviation in subsequent references.

ACRONYMS It is best use acronym that are readily understood when read aloud as a single word. They are written in FULL CAPS without hyphens. EX. PDRRMC, PAGASA ETC

Broadcast leads Definition: the lead is the beginning of a news story; a way to get into or to introduce the story. The need for good broadcast leads: A good lead helps capture attention Lead helps shake the consciousness of the audience The lead should grab the ear or eye the audience

Criteria for choosing the lead Stress the most newsworthy aspects of a story. Stress the impact of a new item by indicating the direct effect of the event or story on members of the audience. Leads should be localized Lead should include timely

TECHNICAL ASPECT OTSAV DJ Pro, a radio automation software. http://www.otsav.com Virtual DJ Pro, a radio automation software. Cool Edit or Audacity, for audio recording and editing. http://audacity.sourceforge.net/

INFORMERCIAL
Present needs, illustrate benefits and issue a call to action for audience. How to Create an Infomercial Identify a product or service

Determine the target audience & choose a setting

Define what the problem is and why the audience should be worried about it.

Emphasize what a great value of the campaign.

Repeat the campaign every six sentences so it will stick in to ones mind.