Product Design, characteristics & Development

Presented By: Vanisha Chhabra Management Deptt.

Topics covered:
Product design and development Product characteristics Characteristics of good products Product development process Product development techniques

Product Design & development

Product design The process of defining all characteristics of companys products.
appearance, materials,

dimensions,
tolerances, and performance standards

Product design must support product manufacturability (the ease with which a product can be made)

Characteristics of good products

1. Reparability 2. Modular design ( composed of detachable components) 3. Redesigning capability (few minor changes should be possible) 4. Miniaturization (to make smaller and lighter in weight) 5. Wires and tubing (proper wiring and air tubing) 6. Design by computers( accurate and sophisticated) 7. Drawing and specification (drawing should be of exact ratio) 8. Warranties( good warranty service) 9. Reliability (trustworthiness of product) 10. Maintainability ( lubrication points should be easily maintainable )

Product Design
Product design and process selection affect: Product quality

Product cost
Customer satisfaction Overall manufacturability the ease with which the product can be made

The Product Design Process

Step 1 - Idea Development
- Someone thinks of a need and a product/service design to satisfy it e.g. customers, marketing, engineering, competitors etc.

Step 2 - Product Screening - Every business needs a formal/structured evaluation process

e.g. fit with facility and labor skills, size of market, break-even analysis, return on sales

Step 3 Preliminary Design and Testing

- Technical specifications are developed, prototype built, testing starts

Step 4 Final Design

- Final design based on test results, facility, equipment, material, & labor skills defined, suppliers identified

Product development process

1. Needs identification 2. Feasibility study (idea is possible or not) 3. Advanced design(we study all designs and select most advanced as per
our requirement from options)

4. Detailed engineering design (design for function, reliability,

safety etc. Engg. department will consider all things)

5. Production process design and development ( process

design and development)

6. Product evaluation and improvement (comparison with

standers and improvement)

7. Product use and support (educate user, provide warranty,

replacement of parts and upgrade the product)

Product development techniques

Standardization Simplification Diversification Specialization

 Standardization : it means fixation of some appropriate size, shape, quality, manufacturing process, weight and other characteristics as standards to manufacture a product of desired variety and utility.

 Simplification : Simplification in an enterprise connotes( suggests) the elimination of excessive and undesirable or marginal lines of product to hammer (knock) out waste and to attain economy coupled with the main object of improving quality and reducing costs and prices leading to increased sales.( to remove undesirable activities for reducing waste and cost)

 Specialization : Specialization implies expertise in some particular area or field. Specialization implies reduction in the variety of products manufactured by the organization( to make same thing again and again to get specialization so that cost could be reduced)

Diversification : It implies policy of producing different types of products by an enterprise. Diversification can be adopted for the purpose of( to make different products rather than only one thing so that ones loss could be covered from others profit) Utilization of idle/surplus(extra) resources Stabilization of sales To cope with demand fluctuations and For survival of the organization.

References
Books
Sharma Gagandeep, Singh Gursharanjit, Singh Harpreet; Production & Operations Management; 4th Edition Chunawalla S A, Patel D R; Production & Operations Management; 7th Edition